Average number of photons in a cubic meter

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the concept of the average number of photons in a cubic meter, particularly in the context of light behavior in a room. Participants explore various aspects of photon interactions, their density, and the implications of their presence in different environments.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that light travels in a complex network of photons that do not collide, allowing visibility without obstruction.
  • There is a question about the scale at which photons begin to show gaps in their distribution, with some suggesting that stellar scales act as point sources.
  • Participants discuss the relationship between photon density and frequency, noting that the number of photons in a cubic meter can vary significantly based on the power level and wavelength.
  • One participant mentions that in quantum electrodynamics, photons do not interact directly unless they have sufficient energy, raising questions about the nature of photon collisions.
  • Another participant expresses a misconception that interference patterns are due to photon collisions, linking it to the wave-like behavior of light.
  • A reference is made to a specific value of photon density in the cosmic microwave background, providing a numerical example.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express multiple competing views regarding the behavior of photons, their interactions, and the implications of their density in various contexts. The discussion remains unresolved with no consensus on the specific number of photons in a cubic meter or the nature of their interactions.

Contextual Notes

Participants note that the number of photons is highly variable and depends on factors such as frequency and intensity, which introduces complexity into the discussion. There are also unresolved questions about the nature of photon interactions and the conditions under which they might occur.

ellipsis
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It seems to me that light travels (in a room) from everywhere, to everywhere else: A complicated, messy, interconnected network of photons of varying wavelengths which somehow avoid ever colliding with each other. This is what allows me to see things, and other people to see other things without our "lines of sight" ever getting in the way of each other.

Add to this the fact that infared (heat) photons are also traveling through this space (from every angle, to every angle), as well as radio station signals, WiFi signals, cell phone signals, cosmic rays, cosmic microwave background photons...

It seems like the number of photons in a cubic meter must be inconceivable.

One auxiliary question: At what scale do we not see a complicated network of photons constantly coming in from everywhere, to everywhere, and start to see gaps? Also, why do photons seem to be able to share space and never ever collide? Do they, and we just don't see it?
 
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At what scale? Stellar scales are equivalent to point sources. At what point is it literally blinding? Different calculation.
 
Bystander said:
At what scale? Stellar scales are equivalent to point sources. At what point is it literally blinding? Different calculation.
At the scale of a cubic meter. Does it not make sense to ask how many photons are in a cubic meter on Earth in a normal room?
 
ellipsis said:
why do photons seem to be able to share space and never ever collide? Do they, and we just don't see it?

In quantum electrodynamics (QED), two photons cannot interact "directly" with each other, unless they have at least enough combined energy to produce the mass of an electron-positron pair. This energy is in the gamma-ray range, far above microwaves, radio and visible light. There are "indirect", higher-order (lower-probability) effects, but to observe and study them for e.g. visible light, you need to use very intense laser beams. This is the area of "non-linear optics."
 
The number of photons would be tied to the frequency of the photons and the power level. For instance, at a wavelength of one meter, you would have exactly one photon of 300 mhz radiation which happens to have a wavelength of 1 meter. So if you have a wavelength of 1 micron, an IR wavelength, then you would just go 1 million cubed which is 1E18 photons of that power level. But you could have a trillion times that many photons if you pumped in a trillion times the intensity.

So the number is highly variable, photons don't mind being crowded together, they are quite sociable:)
 
ellipsis said:
Also, why do photons seem to be able to share space and never ever collide? Do they, and we just don't see it?
I always thought that intererence patterns of light were the result of photons colliding. Since light has wavelike qualities it should behave the same as any other wave.
Let's see what Nikon has to say.
http://www.microscopyu.com/articles/polarized/interferenceintro.html
 

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