AZING! How does compressing a gas cause an increase in temperature?

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around the thermodynamic behavior of gases, specifically focusing on the relationship between gas compression, pressure, and temperature changes. Participants explore the implications of the ideal gas law and the conditions under which these relationships hold true.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants question the mechanics of gas compression and its effects on temperature, including whether the ideal gas law applies universally. There are inquiries about the nature of the compression process and its implications for different types of gases.

Discussion Status

The discussion is active, with participants providing insights into the energy dynamics involved in gas compression. Some guidance on the first law of thermodynamics has been introduced, but there is no explicit consensus on the nuances of the ideal versus non-ideal gas behavior.

Contextual Notes

There is a mention of potential homework constraints, as one participant questions whether the original post was a homework question, which may influence the depth of exploration in the discussion.

triber
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If there is a cylinder filled with gas and a piston compresses the volume to 1/2 the size, the pressure increases to twice the original pressure. Why does the temperature go up? Is it because PV=nRT only works for ideal gasses, and the non-ideal gasses go up in temperature? Thanks.
 
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How does the volume go down?

(Does the piston drive forcefully into the gas, accelerating many individual molecules? Do you drive the piston infinitesimally slowly? Do you just wait until no molecules happen to be in part of the cylinder, and then close that part? Are you thinking of a big effect, occurring for all gases, or a small effect like deviation from the ideal gas law?)
 
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Triber, was this a homework question? (It sounded to me like it should have been moved only to the classical+thermodynamics forum otherwise.. I wonder if there is a way to know who moved particular threads and why?)
 
triber said:
If there is a cylinder filled with gas and a piston compresses the volume to 1/2 the size, the pressure increases to twice the original pressure. Why does the temperature go up? Is it because PV=nRT only works for ideal gasses, and the non-ideal gasses go up in temperature? Thanks.
No. Temperature goes up for all gases. It is a matter of energy. When you compress a gas you do work on the gas. If it is adiabatic (with no heat flow into or out of the gas), the temperature has to increase because the work is an input of energy into the gas.

That is just the first law:

dQ = dU + PdV.

Since dQ = 0, dU = -PdV .

And since [itex]dU = nC_vdT[/itex], [itex]dT = -PdV/nC_v[/itex]

AM
 

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