Calculate energy of vertical oscillating spring

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the gravitational potential energy (GPE), spring potential energy (SPE), and total potential energy (TE) of a mass-spring system at various positions relative to equilibrium. The relevant equations are GPE = mgh, SPE = ½ k x², and TE = GPE + SPE. The calculations are provided for scenarios at equilibrium, y cm above equilibrium, and y cm below equilibrium, with specific variables defined as mass (m), spring constant (k), amplitude (h), and equilibrium position (x₀).

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gravitational potential energy (GPE)
  • Knowledge of spring potential energy (SPE)
  • Familiarity with the concepts of equilibrium in oscillating systems
  • Basic algebra for manipulating equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of energy conservation in oscillating systems
  • Learn about the effects of damping on oscillations
  • Explore the relationship between mass, spring constant, and oscillation frequency
  • Investigate the application of Hooke's Law in real-world scenarios
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and oscillatory motion, as well as educators looking for clear examples of energy calculations in mass-spring systems.

Samuelriesterer
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Problem statement:

An oscillating mass is hung from a vertical spring. Take the potential energy of the system when the spring is at the unstretched length to be zero for both spring and gravity. Calculate the gravitational potential energy, spring potential energy, and total potential energy of the system at:

Equilibrium
y cm above equilibrium
y cm below equilibrium

(Assume the spring can compress more than y and that F = -kΔx still holds)

Relative equations:
GPE = mgh
SPE = ½ k x^2

Work so far:

Equilibrium GPE = mgh
Equilibrium SPE = ½kh^2
Equilibrium TE = mgh + ½kh^2

y cm above GPE = mg(h-y)
y cm above SPE = ½k(h-y)
y cm above TE = mg(h-y) + ½k(h-y)

y cm below GPE = mg(h+y)
y cm below SPE = ½k(h+y)
y cm below TE = mg(h+y) + ½k(h+y)
 
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Samuelriesterer said:
Calculate the gravitational potential energy, spring potential energy, and total potential energy
In terms of what? You must be told what variables to express it in terms of, such as mass, spring constant, etc.
 
I'm afraid that is all the info the problem states. Let's assume m = mass, k = spring constant, h = amplitude, x_0 = position of mass at equilibrium. I was going to ask my instructor more about it at school tomorrow but I wanted to get a jump on the problem by making my own variables.
 

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