Calculate the boiling temperature of methanol from thermodynamic data

In summary, Chestermiller found that the acentric factor is defined by the equation $$\omega=-1-\log{(P_r^{sat})_{T_r=0.7}}$$and that it gives you the reduced pressure, P, and the reduced temperature, T, at which the boiling temperature of methanol is found. He also found that if you have the enthalpy of vaporization, you can use the Clausius Clapeyron equation to find the boiling temperature.
  • #1
il postino
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Homework Statement
Calculate the boiling temperature of methanol at 60 atm knowing that Tc = 513K, Pc = 78atm and the acentricity is W.
Relevant Equations
Pitzer correlation?
Clausius equation?
Calculate the boiling temperature of methanol at 60 atm knowing that Tc = 513K, Pc = 78 atm and the acentricity is 0.555.

I would like you to help me start the exercise.
I thought about using the Pitzer Correlation to be able to calculate the fugacity coefficient, but I don't have the Temperature.
I thought about using, then, the Clausius equation but I don't have the enthalpy either.
I don't know how to start.
Thank you very much!
 
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  • #2
The acentric factor is defined by the equation $$\omega=-1-\log{(P_r^{sat})_{T_r=0.7}}$$What value does this give you for ##(P_r^{sat})_{T_r=0.7}##?
 
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  • #3
Chestermiller said:
The acentric factor is defined by the equation $$\omega=-1-\log{(P_r^{sat})_{T_r=0.7}}$$What value does this give you for ##(P_r^{sat})_{T_r=0.7}##?
Hi! Thank you very much for answering!
I have not been taught this formula.
How can I apply it to solve the exercise?
 
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  • #4
il postino said:
Hi! Thank you very much for answering!
I have not been taught this formula.
How can I apply it to solve the exercise?
I'll help you. You can start by answering my question.
 
  • #5
[QUOTE = "Chestermiller, publicación: 6368754, miembro: 345636"]
The acentric factor is defined by the equation $$\omega=-1-\log{(P_r^{sat})_{T_r=0.7}}$$What value does this give you for ##(P_r^{sat})_{T_r=0.7}##?
[/QUOTE]

But how do I get ##P_r^{sat}## to find ##w##?
excuse me
 
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  • #6
il postino said:
But how do I get ##P_r^{sat}## to find ##w##?
excuse me
Sorry. ##\omega## is the acentricity. The spell checker changed acentricity to eccentricity and I didn't notice it.
 
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  • #7
Chestermiller said:
Sorry. ##\omega## is the acentricity. The spell checker changed acentricity to eccentricity and I didn't notice it.

Hi Chester!
I was investigating what you taught me.
With that formula I can get the reduced pressure:
##P_{r}=0.0277##

and knowing that ##P=P_{r} * P_c##
##P=2.16 atm##

On the other hand, I am considering that ##T_{r}=0.7##
Thus ##T=0.7*513K=359.1 K##
It is right?

If this is correct, you could use the Clausius Clapeyron equation to get the boiling temperature at 60 atm.
BUT I have no data on the enthalpy of vaporization.
What do you think?
Thank you very much!
 
  • #8
il postino said:
Hi Chester!
I was investigating what you taught me.
With that formula I can get the reduced pressure:
##P_{r}=0.0277##

and knowing that ##P=P_{r} * P_c##
##P=2.16 atm##

On the other hand, I am considering that ##T_{r}=0.7##
Thus ##T=0.7*513K=359.1 K##
It is right?

If this is correct, you could use the Clausius Clapeyron equation to get the boiling temperature at 60 atm.
BUT I have no data on the enthalpy of vaporization.
What do you think?
Thank you very much!
You're on the right track. The development of the acentric factor is based on the fact that the the log of the vapor pressure of a pure fluid is approximately linear in the reciprocal of the absolute temperature. Smith and van Ness, introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics: "Since the logarithm of the vapor pressure of a pure fluid is approximately linear in the reciprocal of absolute temperature, we may write
$$\frac{d\log{P_r^{sat}}}{d(1/T_r)}=a$$where ##P_r^{sat}## is the reduced vapor pressure, ##T_r## is the reduced temperature, and a is the slope of the plot of ##\log{P_r^{sat}}## vs ##1/T_r##". If this is the case, then the natural log of the saturation pressure is also a linear function of the reciprocal of the absolute temperature. And you now have two points along this straight line: the critical point (78, 513) and (2.16, 359.1). So you can interpolate to get the temperature at 60 atm. (Incidentally, according to my calculator, at 0.7, the correct reduced pressure is 0.0279, and the corresponding pressure is 2.17 atm.)
 
  • #9
Chestermiller said:
You're on the right track. The development of the acentric factor is based on the fact that the the log of the vapor pressure of a pure fluid is approximately linear in the reciprocal of the absolute temperature. Smith and van Ness, introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics: "Since the logarithm of the vapor pressure of a pure fluid is approximately linear in the reciprocal of absolute temperature, we may write
$$\frac{d\log{P_r^{sat}}}{d(1/T_r)}=a$$where ##P_r^{sat}## is the reduced vapor pressure, ##T_r## is the reduced temperature, and a is the slope of the plot of ##\log{P_r^{sat}}## vs ##1/T_r##". If this is the case, then the natural log of the saturation pressure is also a linear function of the reciprocal of the absolute temperature. And you now have two points along this straight line: the critical point (78, 513) and (2.16, 359.1). So you can interpolate to get the temperature at 60 atm. (Incidentally, according to my calculator, at 0.7, the correct reduced pressure is 0.0279, and the corresponding pressure is 2.17 atm.)

Then I am very happy! :bow:
Now I understand better with your explanation.
How can I continue?
 
  • #10
il postino said:
Then I am very happy! :bow:
Now I understand better with your explanation.
How can I continue?
Fit a straight line equation to lnP vs 1/T using the two points you already have, and then solve for the value of 1/T at which lnP=ln(60)
 
  • #11
Chestermiller said:
Fit a straight line equation to lnP vs 1/T using the two points you already have, and then solve for the value of 1/T at which lnP=ln(60)
Okey :) I will and inform you! Thank you!
 
  • #12
Chestermiller said:
Fit a straight line equation to lnP vs 1/T using the two points you already have, and then solve for the value of 1/T at which lnP=ln(60)

Hi Chester! you mean the 2 points ##(P; T)##:
##(2.144 ; 359.1)## and ##(78 ; 513)##

For these points, the linear equation is:

##y = -0,0002x + 0,003##

For ##ln (60)##, ##1/T## it gives me a very high and negative number.
What am I doing wrong?

Also, I know that the slope of that line should be:
##-ΔH_{v} /R##
 

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  • #13
The slope is $$m=\frac{\ln{78}-\ln{2.17}}{\left(\frac{1}{513}-\frac{1}{359.1}\right)}=-4288$$So the equation is $$\ln{p}=m\left(\frac{1}{T}\right)+b=-4288\left(\frac{1}{T}\right)+b$$So,
$$\ln{78}=-\frac{4288}{513}+b$$and$$b=12.72$$So,$$\ln{p}=-4288\left(\frac{1}{T}\right)+12.72$$So, at p=60, T=?
 
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  • #14
Chestermiller said:
The slope is $$m=\frac{\ln{78}-\ln{2.17}}{\left(\frac{1}{513}-\frac{1}{359.1}\right)}=-4288$$So the equation is $$\ln{p}=m\left(\frac{1}{T}\right)+b=-4288\left(\frac{1}{T}\right)+b$$So,
$$\ln{78}=-\frac{4288}{513}+b$$and$$b=12.72$$So,$$\ln{p}=-4288\left(\frac{1}{T}\right)+12.72$$So, at p=60, T=?

Thank you very much Chester!
You made me not only want to find the solution, but also LEARN more!
We will surely meet here!
Thank you very much!
Greetings from Argentina! :smile::smile:
 
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1. What is the formula for calculating the boiling temperature of methanol?

The formula for calculating the boiling temperature of methanol is T = ΔHvap/Rln(P2/P1), where T is the boiling temperature, ΔHvap is the heat of vaporization, R is the gas constant, and P1 and P2 are the initial and final pressures, respectively.

2. What is the heat of vaporization of methanol?

The heat of vaporization of methanol is 38.3 kJ/mol at standard pressure and temperature (1 atm and 25°C).

3. What is the gas constant used in the formula for calculating boiling temperature?

The gas constant used in the formula for calculating boiling temperature is 8.314 J/mol·K.

4. How does pressure affect the boiling temperature of methanol?

According to the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, as pressure increases, the boiling temperature also increases. This means that at higher pressures, methanol will boil at a higher temperature.

5. Can the boiling temperature of methanol be accurately calculated using thermodynamic data?

Yes, the boiling temperature of methanol can be accurately calculated using thermodynamic data, as long as the data used is accurate and taken at the same pressure and temperature conditions as the boiling temperature being calculated.

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