Calculating Amplitude and Velocity of Mechanical Waves in Non-Uniform Wire

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Homework Help Overview

The problem involves analyzing the behavior of mechanical waves in a non-uniform wire with varying linear mass density under constant tension. The original poster presents a wave equation for a specific region and seeks to determine the wave velocity and amplitude in another region of the wire, along with the wave function for that region.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning, Problem interpretation

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster attempts to calculate wave velocity and amplitude using given equations and conservation of energy principles. Some participants question the constancy of certain parameters, such as frequency and wavelength, as the wave transitions between different media. Others suggest methods for calculating frequency and its implications for wave properties.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants providing insights into wave behavior and relationships between frequency, wavelength, and amplitude. Some guidance has been offered regarding the constancy of frequency and its effect on other variables, but no consensus has been reached on the correctness of the original poster's calculations.

Contextual Notes

Participants are navigating the complexities of wave mechanics, particularly in relation to varying mass density and the implications for wave properties. There is an emphasis on ensuring energy conservation across different sections of the wire, and the original poster expresses uncertainty about the assumptions being made.

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Homework Statement


The linear mass density of a non-uniform wire under constant tension gradually decreases along the wire while ensuring an incident wave is transmitted without reflection. The wire has constant density μ for x ≤ 0. In this region a transverse wave has the form y(x,t) = 0.003cos(30x -60t), where x,y are given in meters and t in seconds. From x=0 to x=20, the linear mass density decreases from μ to μ/9. For x > 20, the density remains constant at μ/9.

i) What is the wave velocity for large values of x (>20m)?
ii) What is the amplitude of the wave for large values of x? You should be able to determine this using conservation of mechanical energy,
iii)Give y(x,t) for x>20.

Homework Equations



y(x,t) = Acos(kx-wt)
w/k = v
v= sqrt(T/μ)
P = 1/2sqrt(μT)w2A2

The Attempt at a Solution


i) Comparing given wave equation and y=Acos(kx-wt) for x < 0
k = 30 w = 60
v = 60/30 =2
v2μ = T
4μ=T
Tension remains constant so
v20 = √4μ/μ/9 = 6m/s

ii) E = 1/2mv2. At max kinetic energy potential energy = 0. Total energy = Kinetic energy
P = ½√(μF)w2A2
Energy before = Energy After
½√(μ4μ).6020.0032 =½√(μ/9.4μ).v2k2A2
0.0027=k2A2

I have no idea if this is correct and if i can take k to be constant or not.
Any help would be really appreciated!
 
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What stays constant as a wave travels from one medium to another: the frequency or the wavelength?
 
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Thank you!
The frequency stays constant and as the wave travels the wavelength would increase i think. That would mean that k wouldn't be constant.
 
Could I work out the frequency initially as f = v/λ = vk/2pi = 30pi and then as frequency stays the same work out k when x=20 by
k=2fpi/v = 60pi2/6 ?

Thank you for helping me out!
 
Yes, frequency remains constant. What can you say about ω?

How does this help when thinking about the power P?
 
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ω = 2pif so would also be constant. This means I now know all the variables in the power equation apart from the Amplitude so by setting power before to power after I should hopefully be able to get the correct amplitude. Thank you so much!
 

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