Calculating Effective Mass: Expressing as a Fraction of Electron Rest Mass

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SUMMARY

The effective mass of an electron within the first Brillouin zone can be calculated using the formula ##m^* = \frac{\hbar^2}{d^2E/dk^2}##, where the energy variation is given by ##E(k)=Ak^2+Bk^4##. At the Brillouin zone boundary (##k = \pi / a##), the second derivative is ##\frac{d^2E}{dk^2}=2A+12Bk^2##. The effective mass expressed as a fraction of the electron rest mass (511 KeV) is ##m^* = \frac{\hbar^2}{(2A+12B (\pi /a)^2) m_e}##. This formulation requires numerical values for constants A, B, and a for practical application.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of effective mass in solid-state physics
  • Familiarity with Brillouin zones and wave vectors
  • Knowledge of quantum mechanics, specifically energy-momentum relationships
  • Basic proficiency in calculus, particularly derivatives
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  • Research the implications of effective mass in semiconductor physics
  • Learn about the calculation of energy bands in crystals
  • Explore numerical methods for determining constants A, B, and a in specific materials
  • Study the relationship between effective mass and charge carrier mobility
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roam
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I am trying to find the effective mass of the electron within the first Brillouin zone in a particular direction in a crystal where the energy of the electron varies with some wave vector ##E(k)=Ak^2+Bk^4##. But I need to express this as a fraction of the electron rest mass.

I know that the effective mass (from Newton's 2nd law) is given by:

##m^* = \frac{\hbar^2}{d^2E/dk^2}##​

At the first Brillouin zone boundary we have ##k =\pi / a##. Also the second derivative of the E(k) is ##\frac{d^2E}{dk^2}=2A+12Bk^2##.

Substituting these in I think the effective mass is:

##m^* = \frac{\hbar^2}{2A+12B (\frac{\pi}{a})^2}##​

Now, how does one express this as a fraction of the electron rest mass m (511 KeV)? :confused:

Any suggestion or correction is appreciated.
 
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The obvious answer is to divide by ##m_e## so that you have an expression for ##m_*/m_e##. This doesn't make too much sense unless you've been given numerical values for ##A,B,a## though.
 
Yup, you're done if that's all the information provided. Put m_0 in the denominator.
 
Thank you very much for your inputs. Here is what I've got then for effective mass as a fraction of the electron rest mass:

##m^* = \frac{\hbar^2}{(2A+12B (\pi /a)^2) m_e}##
 
Last edited:
roam said:
Thank you very much for your inputs. Here is what I've got then for effective mass as a fraction of the electron rest mass:

##m^* = \frac{\hbar^2}{(2A+12B (\pi /a)^2) m_e}##

Don't you mean m*/m_e for the LHS of the equation?

Zz.
 

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