The discussion centers on the impossibility of completely covering a modified checkerboard with 31 dominoes after removing two diagonally opposed corners. The key arguments include the observation that removing these corners results in an odd number of available squares in consecutive columns and rows, necessitating an odd number of dominoes, which leads to an overall even count of dominoes needed. Additionally, since the discarded corners are of the same color, the remaining squares consist of 30 squares of one color and 32 of another. This configuration means that only 15 dominoes can fit, as each domino covers one square of each color. Thus, it is concluded that covering the board with 31 dominoes is not possible.