Can the acceleration of the proton be negative for this situation?

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around the acceleration of a proton in an electric field near the Earth's surface, specifically questioning whether the acceleration can be negative. The context involves understanding the effects of electric fields on charged particles, particularly protons and electrons.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants explore the relationship between electric fields and acceleration, questioning the sign of acceleration based on charge and coordinate systems. There is also a comparison made with the acceleration of electrons.

Discussion Status

Some participants have provided clarifications regarding the nature of charge and the implications for acceleration direction. There is an acknowledgment of the arbitrary nature of coordinate systems affecting the sign of acceleration, but no explicit consensus has been reached on the original question.

Contextual Notes

Participants note the importance of using a specific coordinate system to determine the sign of acceleration, and there is mention of discrepancies in the calculated values of acceleration for protons and electrons.

NasuSama
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I asked this question because I think that acceleration could be positive (though I may be wrong.)

Homework Statement



The electric field near the Earth's surface has magnitude of about 150 \text{N/C}. What is the acceleration of the proton?

Homework Equations



Clearly, we need to use these formulas

E = \dfrac{F}{q}
F = ma

The Attempt at a Solution



Combine the first two equations, we obtain

E = \dfrac{ma}{q}

Let m be the mass of the proton and q be the charge of the proton. Then,

a = \dfrac{Eq}{m}

Thus by substitution, I obtain

a = \dfrac{(150 \mbox{N/C})(-1.6 \times 10^{-19} \mbox{C})}{1.67 \times 10^{-27} \mbox{kg}}
a \approx -1.44 \times 10^{10} \mbox{m}/\mbox{s}^2
 
Last edited:
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A proton has a positive charge (and you are off by 10 orders of magnitude with its absolute value).
The magnitude of the acceleration is always positive, the sign of the acceleration depends on the (arbitrary) direction of your coordinate.
 
mfb said:
A proton has a positive charge (and you are off by 10 orders of magnitude with its absolute value).
The magnitude of the acceleration is always positive, the sign of the acceleration depends on the (arbitrary) direction of your coordinate.

I get it by now. What about the acceleration of the electron? I calculated it for my online HW, and I found that the acceleration of the electron in the same electric field is 2.6 \times 10^{13} \mbox{m}/\mbox{s}^2. The online HW system marks it correct. Is it true that acceleration is also positive?
 
The sign of the acceleration is meaningless if you do not use a specific coordinate system. The acceleration of electrons and protons happens in the opposite direction.
 
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I see by now. Thanks for your help.
 

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