Can we see electrons in atoms?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the possibility of visualizing electrons in atoms, particularly in the context of advanced microscopy techniques. Participants explore the limitations of current technologies and the potential for alternative methods to achieve this goal.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions whether the most powerful microscope can visualize electrons in atoms or if a more powerful microscope is needed.
  • Another participant suggests that while a powerful microscope with a short wavelength could theoretically provide the necessary resolution, the energy associated with such wavelengths could disrupt the atomic structure.
  • A different viewpoint emphasizes that instead of seeking a more powerful microscope, using electron microscopy could be a viable approach, as electrons have shorter wavelengths than electromagnetic waves, allowing for finer detail imaging.
  • It is noted that while electron microscopy may not directly visualize orbital electrons, it can image electron distributions, with a reference to imaging techniques used in graphene.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing opinions on the feasibility of visualizing electrons directly and the methods required, indicating that multiple competing views remain without a consensus.

Contextual Notes

Participants acknowledge the limitations of current imaging techniques and the potential energy issues associated with high-resolution methods, but do not resolve these concerns.

AhmedHesham
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I have just seen a video about the most powerful microscope. The best image of that microscope
represents a sheet of carbon atoms . Can we now see
electrons in these atoms or we need a more powerful
one?

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If the microscope is powerful enough, has a short enough wavelength (perhaps .3*10^-9 meters for solid carbon). But light of that wavelength has an energy h*c/lambda of approximately 4000 electron volts. It would tear the atom apart. Maybe one of the particle physicists can suggest a particle that can do a better job than photons.
 
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AhmedHesham said:
or we need a more powerful
one?
Not a more powerful one but using something other than light. An electron microscope uses a beam of electrons and the electrons in the beam have a 'wavelength' that is much shorter than EM waves, for a given energy. You can see much finer detail than EM waves can produce. It may not satisfy the (OP) conditions required for 'seeing' the orbital electrons but the electron distribution can be 'imaged' with electrons. This link gives one example of imaging the actual electron orbitals in graphene.
 

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