Capacitor Charge Drain and Surge Impedance

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the behavior of a capacitor connected to a cable with a characteristic impedance of 84 ohms and a DC resistance of 840 ohms. When a capacitor charged to 12 volts is connected for a duration of 1 nanosecond, it draws a current of 1/7th of an amp from the capacitor. This indicates that charge is indeed removed from the capacitor at this rate. The significant factor is that only the DC resistance of the first 10 cm of the cable influences the current, as the signal propagation speed is approximately 2*10^5 km/s.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of characteristic impedance in transmission lines
  • Knowledge of capacitor discharge behavior
  • Familiarity with signal propagation speed in electrical systems
  • Basic concepts of DC resistance and its impact on current flow
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  • Research the effects of characteristic impedance on signal integrity
  • Learn about capacitor discharge curves and time constants
  • Explore the relationship between DC resistance and current in transmission lines
  • Investigate signal propagation delays in various cable types
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Electrical engineers, circuit designers, and anyone involved in high-speed signal transmission and capacitor applications will benefit from this discussion.

kmarinas86
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If I have a cable of 84 ohms of characteristic (or surge) impedance (which is independent of length) and whose DC resistance is far greater than 84 ohms (let's say 840 ohms), would I get, by hooking up a capacitor charged at 12 volts across it for a very short period of time (let's say 1 nanosecond, so not enough time for the capacitor to lose any significant charge nor any significant voltage), draw 1/7th of an amp from that capacitor for that period of time? Does this really mean that charge is removed from the capacitor at the rate of 1/7th of an amp?
 
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Yes.
 
Signal propagation speed is approx 2*10^5 km/s, or 20 cm/ns. For the DC resistance in a section of the cable to have any influence on the current from the capacitor, the signal must propagate to that section, and back.

This means that only the DC resistance of the first 10 cm of the cable is important, and it is probably much smaller than 84 Ohm.
 

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