History Chile's Most Renowned Patriot: The Strange History of Bernardo O'Higgins

AI Thread Summary
The discussion highlights the historical significance of Bernardo O'Higgins, Chile's most renowned patriot, who led the country to independence in 1818 alongside José de San Martín. O'Higgins, born in Chillán, was the illegitimate son of a Spanish officer, which raises interesting questions about identity and heritage in national narratives. The conversation then shifts to a humorous note, comparing O'Higgins' name to a Monty Python joke, and touches on other historical figures like Houston Stewart Chamberlain and Joseph C. Gayetty, the inventor of packaged toilet paper. The thread also delves into the origins of typography, tracing the development of the Caroline minuscule script commissioned by Charlemagne, emphasizing its lasting influence on modern typefaces. The discussion reflects on the literacy of historical rulers and the evolution of written communication.
Astronuc
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This struck me as odd.

On February 12, 1818, Chile was proclaimed an independent republic under O'Higgins' leadership. An army led by Bernardo O'Higgins, Chile's most renowned patriot, and José de San Martín, hero of Argentine independence, crossed the Andes into Chile and defeated the royalists.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chile

It just struck me as strange that a guy name O'Higgins would be Chile's most renowned patriot.

O'Higgins was born in Chillán, Chile. As noted in his certificate of Baptism, he was the illegitimate son of Ambrosio O'Higgins, a Spanish officer from County Sligo in Ireland, who became governor of Chile and later viceroy of Peru. His mother was Isabel Riquelme, a prominent lady of Chillán.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardo_O'Higgins
 
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Astronuc said:
It just struck me as strange that a guy name O'Higgins would be Chile's most renowned patriot.
I agree. It sounds like a Monty Python joke.
 
In the GD forum, I was going to suggest Joseph C Gayetty as one of the most influencial people of the 20th century, but he came a little early so it seemed fitting to honor his legacy here instead.
Joseph C. Gayetty of New York started producing the first packaged toilet paper in the U.S. in 1857. It consisted of pre-moistened flat sheets medicated with aloe and was named "Gayetty’s Medicated Paper". Gayetty's name was printed on every sheet. [continued with many more fascinating facts from the rear gaurd]
http://nobodys-perfect.com/vtpm/ExhibitHall/Informational/tphistorycontent.html
 
From Merriam-Webster Online - "Word for the Wise" -

The term typography comes from the Greek terms for "impression" plus "writing." The type known as Caroline minuscule dates back to the reign of Charlemagne, late in the 8th century. The name of the Frankish ruler Charlemagne—King Charles—gave us the Latinism Caroline or Carolingian. The word minuscule, which comes from the Latin term meaning "rather small," originally named "script composed of lower case letters."

Got all that? Then we're ready to move ahead to explain how that script came into being. Charlemagne, whose efforts as a grown man to teach himself to write had been met, according to his biographer, with ill-success, commissioned the development of a standardized and legible script to be used throughout his lands.

During the Renaissance, Italian printers looking for a less Teutonic style of print borrowed the Carolingian minuscule under the impression they had discovered a script dating back to Ancient Rome. They were wrong, but the clean Carolingian retained its popularity long enough to be considered the basis of modern typefaces.
A semi-literate Emperor. Perhaps he dictated his thoughts and commands to scribes.

Interesting though, I wonder how many kings and queens could not write?
 
Historian seeks recognition for first English king https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c9d07w50e15o Somewhere I have a list of Anglo-Saxon, Wessex and English kings. Well there is nothing new there. Parts of Britain experienced tribal rivalries/conflicts as well as invasions by the Romans, Vikings/Norsemen, Angles, Saxons and Jutes, then Normans, and various monarchs/emperors declared war on other monarchs/emperors. Seems that behavior has not ceased.
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