Coherent X-ray Diffraction Imaging Explained

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SUMMARY

Coherent X-ray Diffraction Imaging (CDI) involves recording diffraction patterns in reciprocal space generated by a coherent beam to reconstruct a real-space model of a sample. Unlike traditional X-ray diffraction used in crystallography, CDI does not directly measure phase information, making direct inverse Fourier transforms impossible. Instead, it relies on additional information, such as periodicity and crystallographic space groups, to model the sample accurately. CDI can be performed in both 2D and 3D formats, allowing for detailed structural analysis of crystalline materials.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Coherent X-ray Diffraction Imaging (CDI)
  • Familiarity with crystallography and crystallographic space groups
  • Knowledge of diffraction patterns and reciprocal space concepts
  • Basic principles of Fourier transforms in imaging
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the principles of X-ray diffraction and its applications in crystallography
  • Explore advanced techniques in Coherent X-ray Diffraction Imaging (CDI)
  • Study the mathematical foundations of Fourier transforms in imaging
  • Investigate the role of periodicity in crystal structures and its implications for CDI
USEFUL FOR

Researchers in materials science, physicists specializing in crystallography, and anyone interested in advanced imaging techniques for structural analysis of crystalline materials.

Karl330
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Hello I am confused what Coherent X-ray Diffraction Imaging is with real and reciprocal space. Would someone be able to explain this to me like I am 5 years old because I am really not getting it.
 
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CDI is recording a diffraction pattern (reciprocal space) generated by a coherent beam. Using either several CDI images from overlapping positions of the sample or additional information (support), you can then reconstruct a real space model of the sample.

It is not so different from normal x-ray diffraction for crystallography: You record diffracted intensities, but cannot measure the phase. Therefore it is not possible to do a direct inverse Fourier transform of the complex structure factors. Instead you make a model of the sample, using the additional information that crystals are periodic and have to belong to one of the 230 crystallographic space groups, probably you know something about the composition... Then you record many more intensities than there are parameters in your model - the model being lattice parameters and atomic positions. With that you have (hopefully) enough information to reconstruct the real-space crystal structure.

CDI is often done in just 2D, but 3D is also possible.
 

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