Compactness with accumulation points

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on proving that a subset K of R is compact if every sequence in K has an accumulation point. The proof begins by establishing that a sequence x_n in K with an accumulation point x has a convergent subsequence x_n_k, which is also a Cauchy sequence, thus demonstrating that K is bounded. Furthermore, since all accumulation points are contained within K, it follows that K is closed. By applying the Heine-Borel theorem, the conclusion is drawn that K is compact. However, a counterexample is provided to clarify that having a bounded subsequence does not imply the entire sequence is bounded.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of accumulation points in real analysis
  • Familiarity with Cauchy sequences and their properties
  • Knowledge of the Heine-Borel theorem
  • Basic concepts of compactness in metric spaces
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of Cauchy sequences in detail
  • Explore the Heine-Borel theorem and its implications for compactness
  • Investigate examples of sequences that do not have accumulation points
  • Learn about the relationship between boundedness and convergence in sequences
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Mathematics students, particularly those studying real analysis, as well as educators looking to deepen their understanding of compactness and accumulation points in metric spaces.

sazanda
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Homework Statement



Let K be a subset of R. Prove that if every sequence in K has an accumulation point, then K must be compact.

Homework Equations



I tried to proof it below. Am I on the right track?


The Attempt at a Solution



My intuition;

Let x_n be sequence in K whose accumulation point is x, then there is a sub-sequence.
x_n_k converges to x.
Since sub-sequence x_n_k converges to x, x_n_k is a Cauchy sequence.
We know that Cauchy sequences are bounded. Thus x_n is bounded. so K is bounded.

Since all accumulation points are in K so K is closed.

By Heine-Borel Thm, K is compact.
 
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Not quite. I think you're better off showing the equivalent (each implies the other):

if K is not compact, there exists a sequence without an accumulation point.
 
sazanda said:
x_n_k is a Cauchy sequence.
We know that Cauchy sequences are bounded. Thus x_n is bounded.
Here you appear to be saying that if a sequence has a bounded subsequence, the sequence is bounded. Consider 1/2, 2, 1/3, 3, 1/4, 4, ...
 

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