Compute the length of the cardioid below the x-axis?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the length of a cardioid defined by the polar equation r = 2sin(θ) - 2, specifically below the x-axis. The key formula for arc length is L = ∫α^β √(x'(θ)² + y'(θ)²) dθ, where x(θ) = rcos(θ) and y(θ) = rsin(θ). The limits of integration are confirmed to be from 0 to π, as this range accurately captures the portion of the cardioid below the x-axis, contrary to the initial assumption of π to 2π. Graphing the function can provide additional clarity on the behavior of the cardioid at the x-axis crossings.

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IntegrateMe
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[tex]r = 2sin(\theta)-2[/tex]

First we find x(θ), y(θ)

[tex]x(\theta) = rcos(\theta)[/tex]
[tex]y(\theta) = rsin(\theta)[/tex]

Then we find x'(θ) and y'(θ) to use the formula:

[tex]L = \int_\alpha^β \sqrt{x'(\theta)^2 + y'(\theta)^2} d\theta[/tex]

My problem is that I don't know how to get the limits of integration. The answer key says that they are from 0 to π, but I would have guessed π to 2π, since that represents everything below the x-axis? Any help would be appreciated.

Thanks, guys!
 
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Why guess? It's going to cross the x-axis when y = 0. What values of ##\theta## do that? Plot the graph for additional information on what direction it is going when it crosses the x axis.
 

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