Concept question on using integrals to find displacement

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To determine total displacement using the velocity function v(t) = 22 + 18t, the correct approach involves calculating the definite integral of the velocity over the specified time interval from t = 1.5 s to t = 3.1 s. The confusion arises from the difference between calculating the integral of the function and simply finding the change in time. The correct formula involves evaluating (3.1^2 - 1.5^2) rather than (3.1 - 1.5)^2, as the integral requires the squares of the limits of integration. This distinction is crucial for accurately finding displacement in calculus. Understanding this concept is essential for solving similar problems in physics and calculus.
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Homework Statement



I was reading a solution to the following question:

Given v(t) = 22 + 18 t, use calculus to determine the total displacement from t initial= 1.5 s to t final = 3.1 s

Homework Equations



Here are the steps in the equation:
http://qaboard.cramster.com/Answer-Board/Image/20091122250246336739742469787505163.gif

I get everything up to the last part, where we take get (3.1^2 - 1.5^2)... Why is that we don't do (3.1-1.5)^2 instead? I had always imagined the it would be \Deltat squared, so just final minus initlal, then squaring the result, and not the final time squared minus initial time squared.

Would be great if you guys could clear up my confusion.
 
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Then you imagined wrong. (3.1^2 - 1.5^2) is right, (3.1-1.5)^2 is wrong. If you've done a lot of integrals with a lower limit of 0, you might have gotten that feeling. But it's not correct.
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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