Cooling Huge Magnets at CERN & Voltage Changes at Power Plants

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CERN cools its large magnets to -270 degrees Celsius using liquid helium refrigeration systems, as detailed in various technical reports. The cooling process is essential for maintaining superconductivity in the magnets used in particle accelerators. Power plants can adjust voltage levels by manipulating feedback to the rotor in an alternator, which is typically designed with multiple poles for stable frequency output. This voltage control is crucial for maintaining consistent electrical supply and grid stability. Understanding these processes is vital for advancements in both particle physics and electrical engineering.
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1. how do they cool the (huge) magnets at CERN to -270 celsius degrees?
2. how a power planet can increse or decresse the electric potential difference (voltage)?
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