Deriving Klein-Gordon from Heisenberg

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on deriving the Klein-Gordon equation from the Heisenberg equation of motion, specifically using the relation \(\dot{\varphi} = i [H, \varphi]\). The process involves differentiating the Heisenberg equation and substituting the canonical momentum \(\Pi(x) = \dot{\varphi}(x)\) back into the equations. The key steps include manipulating the Hamiltonian \(H = \int d^3x \mathcal{H}\) and applying the commutation relations to arrive at the Klein-Gordon equation. The conclusion is that through careful differentiation and substitution, the Klein-Gordon equation can be derived directly from the Heisenberg formalism.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics and operator formalism
  • Familiarity with the Heisenberg equation of motion
  • Knowledge of Hamiltonian mechanics, specifically the Hamiltonian density \(\mathcal{H}\)
  • Basic proficiency in quantum field theory concepts, including the Klein-Gordon equation
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the Klein-Gordon equation in detail using quantum field theory textbooks
  • Explore the implications of commutation relations in quantum mechanics
  • Learn about the role of the Hamiltonian density \(\mathcal{H}\) in field theory
  • Investigate advanced topics in quantum mechanics, such as the path integral formulation
USEFUL FOR

Students and researchers in theoretical physics, particularly those focusing on quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, will benefit from this discussion. It is especially relevant for individuals looking to deepen their understanding of the relationship between the Heisenberg formalism and field equations.

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Homework Statement



Sort of stuck deriving the Klein-Gordon equation from Heisenberg equation of motion

[tex]\dot{\varphi} = i [H, \varphi ][/tex]

Homework Equations

[tex]\dot{\varphi} = \frac{\partial\varphi}{\partial t}[/tex]

[tex]H = \int d^3x \mathcal{H}[/tex]

[tex]\Pi (x) = \dot{\varphi}(x)[/tex]

[tex]\mathcal{H} = \Pi \dot{\varphi} - \mathcal{L}[/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution



[tex]\dot{\varphi} = \int d^3x [ \dot{\varphi}^2 - \mathcal{L}, \varphi ][/tex]

if I expand that, then it becomes a real mess, not sure if I'm on the right track?
 
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first, from the condition i*d(phi)/dt=[H,phi], you can arrive an equation, which makes [intgral(delta_phi)^2,phi]=0, then you differentiate the Heisenberg, equation, get d^2(phi)/dt^2=[H,[H,phi]], and substitute back. Then you get K-G equation immediately
 
\dot{\varphi} = i [H, \varphi ], we obtain

\int d^3x [ \delta{\varphi}^2, \varphi ]=0 Eq(1)

differentiate Heisenberg Eq. again, we have

\dot\dot{\varphi} = i [H, \dot{\varphi} ]=- [H, [H, \dot{\varphi} ] ]

substitute \Pi (x) = \dot{\varphi}(x) back,

using the specific form of H and use Eq.1, you'll get the answer of KG equation.
 

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