Diagonalization of square matrix if not all eigenvalues are distinct of

In summary, diagonalization of a square matrix is the process of finding a diagonal matrix that is similar to the original matrix. This simplifies calculations and allows for easier solving of linear equations and finding the inverse of a matrix. If not all eigenvalues are distinct, there may be multiple eigenvectors associated with the same eigenvalue and the resulting diagonal matrix may not be unique.
  • #1
Uncle_John
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Is it possible to diagonalize such matrix? and how would one do it?
 
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  • #2
Yes, it is possible to diagonalize such a matrix. One has to find the eigenspaces and a basis for the eigenspaces. Take all the basisvectors for the eigenspaces, if they span the entire space, then the matrix is diagonalizable.
Taking all the basis eigenvectors as a basis gives you the required diagonal matrix.
 

1. What is diagonalization of a square matrix?

Diagonalization of a square matrix is the process of finding a diagonal matrix that is similar to the original matrix. This means that the diagonal matrix has the same eigenvalues and eigenvectors as the original matrix, but with the additional property that all non-diagonal elements are equal to zero.

2. Why is diagonalization important?

Diagonalization is important because it simplifies the calculation of powers and determinants of a matrix. It also allows us to easily solve systems of linear equations and find the inverse of a matrix.

3. What does it mean if not all eigenvalues are distinct?

If not all eigenvalues are distinct, it means that some eigenvalues have multiplicity greater than one. This means that there are multiple eigenvectors associated with the same eigenvalue.

4. Can a matrix be diagonalized if not all eigenvalues are distinct?

Yes, a matrix can still be diagonalized even if not all eigenvalues are distinct. However, the diagonal matrix obtained will not be unique and may not have all zero non-diagonal elements.

5. How do you find the diagonal matrix if not all eigenvalues are distinct?

If not all eigenvalues are distinct, we can still use the same process of finding eigenvectors and forming a similarity matrix to diagonalize the matrix. However, in this case, the diagonal matrix may not have all zero non-diagonal elements and may not be unique.

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