The discussion clarifies that "bases" is simply the plural of "basis" in the context of vector spaces. It explains that a vector space can have multiple bases, using R2 as an example. The standard basis for R2 is {(1, 0), (0, 1)}, but other sets like {(1, 1), (1, -1)} also qualify as bases. Any two non-scalar multiple vectors in R2 can form a basis. Understanding these concepts is crucial for grasping linear algebra fundamentals.