Do the capacitors always charge exponentially?

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    Capacitors Charge
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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the charging behavior of capacitors, specifically whether they always charge exponentially. Participants explore different charging methods, including constant voltage and constant current sources, and consider the implications of these methods on the charging curve of capacitors.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that capacitors charge exponentially when connected to a constant voltage source, while others argue that charging from a constant current source results in linear charging.
  • A participant mentions that the presence of a transistor could imply constant current charging, but this depends on the specific arrangement of the circuit.
  • Another participant highlights the mathematical relationship between charge, capacitance, and voltage, suggesting that constant current leads to a linear increase in voltage over time.
  • One participant introduces the idea that charging through an inductor can lead to sinusoidal charging behavior, even with a constant voltage source.
  • There is a discussion about the role of resistance in the charging process, with some asserting that a constant voltage source without resistance would lead to instantaneous charging.
  • Participants express uncertainty about whether a transistor acts as a constant current source without further analysis of the circuit design.
  • Some participants emphasize the need for clarity in definitions and the importance of understanding the context of the charging method used.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on whether capacitors always charge exponentially, as multiple competing views remain regarding the effects of different charging methods and circuit configurations.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations in the discussion regarding assumptions about circuit components, the influence of resistance, and the specific configurations of transistors that may affect charging behavior. Participants also note the need for careful analysis to determine the nature of the current source in various scenarios.

  • #31
Low pass filters, wiki article on logic gates...general official references to have with me, since I can't use google during the test :(
 
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  • #32
Yes. It's best to be prepared!Tbh the circuit doesn't look as if it makes much sense.

Since Vb=0, I think Ve will become 0.7V always.
At first the capacitor would charge, up to 0.7V (exponentially), and then it would stop.

So no, not a constant current source.
 
  • #33
In that case I'll just print two of your replies

It depends on how the capacitor is charged.

If the capacitor is charged from a constant voltage source, it will be charged exponentially as you say.

If the capacitor is charged from a constant current source, it will be charged linearly (as in your recent thread).
The current source will have to work harder and harder to keep its current constant though. ;)

If the capacitor is charged in another way, it will yet be different.

If you have a symbol in your circuit with the text "current source" next to it, it is also a current source. ;)

Note that your mediating transistor also needs constant voltage between the base and the emitter, before it will behave like a current source.
In your previous threads you have seen a couple of examples of that (for instance a zener diode).

What you need is that the current is the same whether the capacitor is full or empty.
If you can calculate the current in both those cases and it is the same, you have a current source.

Should do the job :) thanks
 
  • #34
Don't forget to trust your visual cues! ;)
 
  • #35
Good point!
 
  • #36
Not points - cues!

If you see points, you have to connect the dots.
 
  • #37
How to recognise a constant voltage source? The volts are the same for a big range of load resistance values. i.e. you have a low (enough) source resistance. What does "same" mean? It means small enough not to matter in the context that the source is used. Most electronic measurements are 'good enough' if they are within 1% (more than enough for many purposes). If the source resistance is 1/100 of the load resistance, you are in the right ball park. (And electronics is very often a 'ball park' topic) It would be adequate for charging many types of battery at constant voltage, for instance.

You can apply precisely the same sort of criterion to determine whether you have a constant current source. Does the current vary significantly over the range of load resistances you plan to use? If you are after 1% accuracy, a high enough voltage source and a series resistor 100 times that of the load will also give you a 'useful' current source.
Those are examples of "rules of thumb". On some occasions, they would be entirely inadequate, of course.

Once you include some gain and feedback, your accuracy can easily be much better and you wouldn't actually need a vast voltage and high series resistance.
 

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