When a jumper exits a plane, they continue moving forward due to the plane's velocity, but air resistance will gradually slow them down. Similarly, an object dropped from a moving car also retains forward momentum and is affected by air resistance. The discussion highlights the importance of understanding how velocities combine, particularly in relation to gravity and motion. The time it takes for a jumper to reach the ground remains the same regardless of the plane's speed, assuming air resistance is negligible. Overall, the conversation critiques the teacher's explanation while emphasizing the principles of physics involved in free fall and motion.