Does an ideal fluid have zero surface tension?

In summary, an ideal fluid is defined as having zero viscosity, but it is allowed to have surface tension and still be considered ideal. Zero surface tension signifies that the molecules within the fluid have the same attraction to each other as to the atmosphere at the surface. A near-zero surface tension also indicates that the fluid will readily evaporate. Surface tension decreases as fluid temperature increases and some examples of fluids with low surface tension include Diethyl Ether, liquid Nitrogen, and liquid Helium II. However, mercury at 15C has a much higher surface tension. The cohesive forces in a fluid are responsible for its viscosity, but if viscosity is zero, the cohesive forces are also zero. This does not necessarily mean that surface tension will be zero,
  • #1
Death eater
22
1
Does ideal fluid have zero surface tension?
What does zero surface tension signify?
 
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  • #2
Death eater said:
Does ideal fluid have zero surface tension?
The definition of an ideal fluid is only that it has zero viscosity. So it would be allowed to have surface tension and still be considered ideal.
Death eater said:
What does zero surface tension signify?
It would signify that the molecules within the fluid have the same attraction to each other as to the atmosphere at the surface.
Here is a link to the wiki article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_tension

A near-zero surface tension also tends to indicate that the fluid will readily evaporate.
Surface tension decreases as fluid temperature increases.
Fluids with low surface tension include Diethyl Ether (17.0), liquid Nitrogen (8.5), and liquid Helium II (0.37). In contrast, mercury at 15C has a surface tension of 487.
 
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  • #3
.Scott said:
The definition of an ideal fluid is only that it has zero viscosity. So it would be allowed to have surface tension and still be considered ideal.
It would signify that the molecules within the fluid have the same attraction to each other as to the atmosphere at the surface.
Here is a link to the wiki article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_tension

A near-zero surface tension also tends to indicate that the fluid will readily evaporate.
Surface tension decreases as fluid temperature increases.
Fluids with low surface tension include Diethyl Ether (17.0), liquid Nitrogen (8.5), and liquid Helium II (0.37). In contrast, mercury at 15C has a surface tension of 487.
thanks for answer but if viscosity in liquids is the result of cohesive forces and if viscosity is zero then cohesive forces are 0. If the cohesive forces are zero will the surface tension be zero or positive?
 
  • #4
Note that zero viscosity means that the fluid particles are very strongly coupled, i.e., the mean free path of the fluid particles is 0. It's the limit of the Boltzmann equation, where the distribution function is always the function of local thermal equilibrium, for which the collision term vanishes identically and entropy is maximal and thus conserved (adiabatic changes of state).
 
  • #5
Death eater said:
thanks for answer but if viscosity in liquids is the result of cohesive forces and if viscosity is zero then cohesive forces are 0. If the cohesive forces are zero will the surface tension be zero or positive?
Unless the surface is an interface to a vacuum, some consideration needs to be given to the fluid above the surface. Then it becomes a comparison between chemical properties of the super fluid and that of the atmospheric fluid. If the interface IS with a vacuum, then we would need to consider whether that is even a stable interface - or if our super fluid will simply fill the vacuum.
 

1. What is an ideal fluid?

An ideal fluid is a theoretical concept in fluid mechanics that represents a fluid with no viscosity or internal friction. This means that an ideal fluid has no resistance to flow and does not dissipate energy.

2. Does an ideal fluid exist in real life?

No, an ideal fluid is a theoretical concept and does not exist in real life. All fluids in the real world have some level of viscosity and internal friction, though some may come close to ideal behavior under certain conditions.

3. How is surface tension related to an ideal fluid?

Surface tension is a property of liquids that describes the force on the surface of the liquid due to the attraction between molecules. In an ideal fluid, there are no intermolecular forces, so surface tension is zero.

4. Can an ideal fluid have zero surface tension?

Yes, by definition, an ideal fluid has no surface tension because it has no cohesive forces between its molecules. However, in reality, no fluid can be considered truly ideal, so surface tension will always exist to some degree.

5. What are some practical applications of studying ideal fluids with zero surface tension?

Studying ideal fluids with zero surface tension can help scientists and engineers understand the fundamental principles of fluid mechanics. This knowledge can be applied in a wide range of areas, including aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, and the design of fluid systems such as pipelines and pumps.

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