Does decreasing input voltage affect the slip in an induction motor?

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SUMMARY

Decreasing the input voltage to an induction motor by 10% results in an increase in slip due to a reduction in rotor current and mechanical speed. The relationship between slip (s), stator supply voltage (Vs), and power produced (Pm) is established through the equations Pm = 3*s*Vr^2/Rrot and s2 = Vs1^2/Vs2^2*s1. As the voltage decreases, the slip increases, confirming that lower voltage leads to decreased torque and speed. This analysis is crucial for understanding the performance characteristics of induction motors under varying voltage conditions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of induction motor principles
  • Familiarity with electrical engineering concepts such as slip and torque
  • Knowledge of rotor current calculations in induction motors
  • Basic grasp of power equations related to electrical machines
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  • Study the impact of voltage variations on induction motor performance
  • Learn about rotor leakage reactance and its effects on slip
  • Explore the relationship between torque and slip in induction motors
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Electrical engineers, motor control specialists, and anyone involved in the design or maintenance of induction motors will benefit from this discussion, particularly those focused on performance optimization and voltage management.

genin
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Hello all
My question is:
Induction motor with nominal load rotates with nominal speed.
How the slip will be changed if we decrease input voltage in 10%?

I think that if we decrease the voltage, than the current will be decreased also.
Than, the moment will be decreased and mechanical speed ωm will be decreased also.
So, the slip will be increased...
S=(ωs-ωm)/ωs

Am I right?
 
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The power produced by motor it is:
Pm=m1*Irot^2*Rrot/s=kp*Irot^2/s where : m1=number of stator phases[m1=3] ;Irot=rotor current at slip s.
Irot=s*Vr/sqrt(Rrot^2+s^2*Xrot) where Xrot is the rotor leakage reactance ; Vr=rotor EMF at start[s=1] ; Vr=krot/stat*Es~=k*Vs ; Vs=stator supply voltage.
Since s^2*Xrot<<Rrot :
Irot=~s*Vr/Rrot ; Irot^2=s^2*Vr^2/Rrot^2
Pm=3*s^2*Vr^2/Rrot^2*Rrot/s=3*s*Vr^2/Rrot=k*s*Vs^2
If Pload remains constant then :
If Pm1=Pload=Pm2 then Vs1^2*s1=Vs2^2*s2 or: s2=Vs1^2/Vs2^2*s1
If Vs2<Vs1 then s2>s1
If Vs2=0.9*Vs1 then s2=1/0.9^2*s1=1.235*s1
 
Sorry! The rotor current formula is [of course]:
Irot=s*Vr/sqrt(Rrot^2+s^2*Xrot^2)
Then s^2*Xrot^2<<Rrot^2.
Example:
Usually Xrot/Rrot=sk =~5*sn where sk=the slip corresponding to maximum torque and sn=rated [nominal] slip. sn=~0.05 [usually].
So (0.05*5)^2*Rrot^2=0.0625*Rrot ^2
 

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