Exotic Bicycle Designs and Engineering

[jedishrfu]

Every so often we get requests for engineering projects to work on. One common theme that I've seen is Kickstarter / Indiegogo campaigns for novelty bicycles to solve that last mile problem in urban transportation:

The first time I saw the Kiffy I thought that was quite a cool design. Designed in France it answered the urban dwellers problem of getting places quickly without the hassle of a car and bringing home the groceries. However I think it is now defunct:



Some of these others are interesting too:





I especially liked the Kiffy because of the three wheel balanced design and the frontend luggage feature but it was just too pricey. I also liked the banking capability. I have a Dahon folder that's nice for 10 to 20 mile jaunts.

Some other interesting transportation modes are the Trikke:



https://www.trikke.com/

It looks so easy, but I can tell you I had a lot of trouble in slight hills. I understood that former President Jimmy Carter and his wife would go riding on these. I had wished I got the motor assist. In truth it does give you an upper body workout.

http://www.bbc.com/autos/story/20150514-the-10-most-beautiful-bicycles-of-2015

The one that caught my eye here was the half-bike, but I started to remind myself that I'm too old to do without a seat.

There are still many other designs that I've seen and a book I got that's somewhat dated that I can't find on Amazon. However, I did find these:

https://www.amazon.com/dp/1452101671/?tag=pfamazon01-20

https://www.amazon.com/dp/1623361311/?tag=pfamazon01-20

https://www.amazon.com/dp/1465443932/?tag=pfamazon01-20

If anyone has some interesting bike designs or ideas we can share them here.

 

[jedishrfu]

Here's a few more bikes:

Clive Sinclair's design (he's the inventor of the SInclair ZX Spectrum micro computer in 1982 and many other things. This is his A-Bike design:



and this is his older electric vehicle the SInclair C5:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinclair_C5

In many ways, he was ahead of his time and then others superseded him. There was movie on the rivalry he had with one of his brilliant engineers staring Martin Freeman as Chris Curry of Hobbit fame:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro_Men

and the full movie:

 

[jedishrfu]

Engineers playing games on bicyclists from the Smarter Everyday YouTube channel:



https://slate.com/technology/2015/0...the-physics-behind-a-bicycle-s-stability.html

and the physics of bike design (may be a bit repetitious):

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-bicycle-problem-that-nearly-broke-mathematics/

https://www.fastcompany.com/3062239/the-bicycle-is-still-a-scientific-mystery-heres-why

https://www.citylab.com/design/2015...cles-balance-themselves/392690/#disqus_thread

https://www.citylab.com/transportation/2016/02/the-still-mysterious-physics-of-riding-a-bike/471249/

There is a much older article that I couldn't find yet where a researcher modified the bicycle fork in different ways to show how it affected stability. The key takeaway was it wasn't gyroscopic action that kept a bike stable.

 

[berkeman]

Fun thread, thanks @jedishrfu

I recently moved to the foothills near a Regional Park that is extremely hilly, and one of my new neighbors is an accomplished mountain biker who recently converted one of his old MTBs into an electric bike. It's pretty flexible in the way that you can freewheel the motor and pedal, or freewheel your pedals and let the motor do all the work, or use a combination of battery power and your leg power.

It's pretty powerful, and he uses it to climb some of the steeper hills in the park. It's got enough power that he can lift the front wheel pretty easily and ride wheelies around the neighborhood. Fun stuff.

I'm interested in maybe doing a similar conversion (now I wish I'd kept my old MTB instead of giving it away before the move), and maybe using it for commuting to work. My commute is about 25 miles each way, which wouldn't be a big deal on a road bike except for the climb at the end of the day to get up the hill to my house. Having the e-bike option might make it easier to commute more often without using a car (maybe in combination with Light Rail).

Here is an e-bike with a similar size battery to my neighbor's MTB:

https://p.vitalmtb.com/photos/forum..._xduro_dwnhll_Pro_emtb_downhill_bikeup_01.jpg

 

[Helios]

My neighbor operates a "peddy-cab", peddle cab or rickshaw. He transports passengers, usually to their cars after the bars let out, or after football games. It's his only business and he gets by. I would say that its design is a novelty. It has a seat for passengers and he sits low in front and peddles. So instead of looking for employment from others, one can be self-employed in this way.

 

[jedishrfu]

Post a picture of the pedicab. Sometimes there's interesting modifications made to improve its operability.

MIT did some engineering work on a new kind of wheelchair for rural villages.

http://news.mit.edu/2017/building-the-mountain-bike-of-wheelchairs-0123

 

[berkeman]

MIT did some engineering work on a new kind of wheelchair for rural villages.

http://news.mit.edu/2017/building-the-mountain-bike-of-wheelchairs-0123

Oh my. Thanks for posting that @jedishrfu -- speaking as someone who has pushed patients in wheelchairs through some pretty knarly situations, those are nice improvements.

 

[jedishrfu]

Here's another list of some novelty bikes. Many are basically art but a few have some novel engineering challenges like the bike on a bike.

https://www.hostelbookers.com/blog/travel/weird-and-wonderful/weird-bikes/

 

[jedishrfu]

Here's the half-bike I mentioned earlier:

 

[jedishrfu]

Here's the Velomobile a kind of mini-cooper mini-cooper:

 

[jedishrfu]

Garmin produces an augmented reality headset:

https://www.coolthings.com/garmin-varia-vision-head-mounted-display/

 

[jedishrfu]

This website has many innovative bike gadgets including bottle holders, openers, bike bags, bike holders, foldable helmets, turn signal gloves:

https://www.brit.co/bike-gadgets/

I don't know how well these things sell but they definitely bring out the DIY maker in me.

I was also intrigued by the bike spike which can be used to track your bike wherever it may be.

but it looks like its now a defunct product. (www.bikespike.com) However there must be similar ones out there or at least use a Tile to track the bike.

 

[jedishrfu]

I had considered using this hub on my Dahon folder until I decided it was twice as expensive as my bike at the time:

https://www.rohloff.de/en/products/speedhub/

Its advantage over the usual derailer is that:
- its protected from a lot of hazards and
- it doesn't need tuning

In contrast, my shimano derailer is a real pain to adjust on my cheap 7 speed bike. It seems it misses a speed so I ride in one gear and seldom change it up.



Here's a link to Dahon for anyone who wants a cheap folder (okay cheap if you've just won mega-millions):

https://usa.dahon.com/bikes-category/bikes/

My bike was the Mariner (I liked dark blue) which is now an 8-speed.

 

[jedishrfu]

Another awesome drive train for a bike, mechanical engineering is alive and well in the bike world:



and here's a novel Wheelchair design featuring two not one but two electric bikes attached in parallel with a speed of 20mph and range of 20 miles:

 

[Dr. Courtney]

The question I always have for exotic designs is, "What is the advantage of a given exotic design over more common designs, and is that advantage worth the extra expense and difficulties in maintenance and repair?"

My family has been using basic Trek mountain bikes (Marlin and 3000 series) for the past 15 years, and these work well. Costs are modest, and maintenance and repairs are simple. I mountain bike over 2000 miles a year on local trails. My two sons mountain biked with me in their early teen years, and now their bikes are their main mode of transportation on a large urban college campus. It both helps keep them in good shape and avoids the expenses and parking hassles of cars.

As friendly as their campus is to mountain bikes, many of the exotic designs above seem problematic. Some seem to propose safety issues, as being lower to the ground reduces visibility - both the cyclist's visibility and how easy it is for motorists to see the cyclist. Drivers on this bike-friendly campus are very much attuned to "normal" cyclists. Further, the designs with smaller diameter wheels will tend to have problems on some surfaces and negotiating curbs. Wider designs will have problems negotiating narrow pathways and maneuvering around parked cars, pedestrians, skateboarders, and all the other obstacles on campus. A number of the exotic designs above will not quickly fit into the standard campus bike racks, and campus parking and storage is going to be a challenge for exotic bike designs that do not.

To me, the most meaningful design improvement is the added electric motor - because these increase speed and practical commuting distance while maintaining the familiar form factor and all the benefits of very mature bike design that is already optimized for most uses. To my eye, most of the exotic bike designs are different and more expensive simply for the sake of being different - most of the performance advantages are nowhere near justifying the extra expenses and practical difficulties using them and keeping them on the road.

 

[jedishrfu]

I agree with your assessments. Its important to retain what works and continue to promote it through new designs. Sometimes, great ideas come through small changes in a traditional design as in the phone going from operator to dial to push button to virtual push buttons and back to an agent app as the operator. What goes around comes around...

However, new engineering ideas should not factor those concerns in initially as it can limit the engineering creativity where really innovative designs are dropped before they are fully explored. As impractical as some of these designs are they provide that creative platform and act as the germination for even better ideas.

 

[berkeman]

Another awesome drive train for a bike, mechanical engineering is alive and well in the bike world:

Wow, that ceramic gear train is an amazing piece of engineering! Especially the different "shift channels" available on the rear gearset -- very innovative.

 

[jedishrfu]

I just discovered that Dahon made a Rohlof hub based folder bike in 2014, the Mu Rohlof for a cheap $5000:

https://www.wired.com/2014/07/dahon-mu-rohloff-foldable-bike/

 

[BillTre]

mechanical engineering is alive and well in the bike world

Just remember what those Wright Bros. did before airplanes!

Eugene,Oregon is a very bike friendly town and I have seen a lot of unusual designs.
Last month I saw this go by when I was stopped at a gas station.
Unfortunately, it took my while to get out my phone and get its camera going before I took this picture so it was pretty far away and therefore looks crappy:

It is a rolling bar powered by the two rows of people pedaling sitting the outside. The central area had what looked like a bar with a tender there.
There was a separate driver at the front.
It bigger than the red car!

After googling:
It turns out this is a local business: Pacific Pub Cycle.
Seems they do tours of the many brewers in town.
Would probably be good for tailgating at Ducks games.
Her e is a better picture:

Seats p to 14, minimum of 8-10 peddlers needed.
Looks like they have a sound system in the overhead too.

 

[OmCheeto]

Eugene,Oregon is a very bike friendly town

Eugene? How about Corvallis?
I seem to recall that they had a whole festival devoted to exotic bikes.
Though, that was 10 years ago.

Is that still going on?
hmmmm... (google google google). Yup!

https://www.davincidays.org/2018-race

 

[jedishrfu]

Here's a bicycle engineering company and its foray into the US market:

https://www.businessinsider.com/can...s-a-canyon-without-even-seeing-a-name-on-it-8

 

[berkeman]

Here's a bicycle engineering company and its foray into the US market:

https://www.businessinsider.com/can...s-a-canyon-without-even-seeing-a-name-on-it-8

I didn't read the whole article -- I wonder how you are supposed to get fitted for the bike if you only order it online...? That would seem to be a major advantage of finding a bike shop that you trust and spending some quality time with them talking about your riding and trying out some different bikes with them tuning them for your size and posture...

 

[jedishrfu]

I didn't read the whole article -- I wonder how you are supposed to get fitted for the bike if you only order it online...? That would seem to be a major advantage of finding a bike shop that you trust and spending some quality time with them talking about your riding and trying out some different bikes with them tuning them for your size and posture...

They fly you to Germany :-) I'm not sure how they might do it. However, there's tech now available to outfit you in clothes and so that could perhaps be used such as the Mipso app (5 years ago) or some kind of body scanner.

I can imagine, you plan a trip, TSA takes your measurements with their scanner and when you arrive you have a custom fitted bike TSA approved and ready to go.

https://stylecaster.com/mipso/

https://www.consumerreports.org/cro...u-get-the-right-size-the-first-time/index.htm

 

[bob012345]

I agree also with Dr. Courtney's assessment with the caveat that some things are designed just to have fun and not solve any transportation problems. In that case all sorts of crazy machines are possible and would be fun to play with. But one probably shouldn't expect to get rich making them.

 

[jedishrfu]

I agree also with Dr. Courtney's assessment with the caveat that some things are designed just to have fun and not solve any transportation problems. In that case all sorts of crazy machines are possible and would be fun to play with. But one probably shouldn't expect to get rich making them.

While often true, one will never know unless one tries. Rollerblades was a great example as was skateboards, the hula hoop and the Big Wheel. It just has to be at the right place and time with the right price and craze to make it happen.

 

[bob012345]

While often true, one will never know unless one tries. Rollerblades was a great example as was skateboards, the hula hoop and the Big Wheel. It just has to be at the right place and time with the right price and craze to make it happen.

View attachment 232801

Yes, bicycle engineers have even been known to do useful things...

 

[OmCheeto]

Yes, bicycle engineers have even been known to do useful things...

I think BillTre covered that earlier:

Just remember what those Wright Bros. did before airplanes!

hmmmm... I wonder what chroot is up to nowadays?

"It sure would be cool if people finally realized that bicycles should count, but I guess that's not relevant here." [ref]​

 

[berkeman]

I recently moved to the foothills near a Regional Park that is extremely hilly, and one of my new neighbors is an accomplished mountain biker who recently converted one of his old MTBs into an electric bike. It's pretty flexible in the way that you can freewheel the motor and pedal, or freewheel your pedals and let the motor do all the work, or use a combination of battery power and your leg power.

My wife and I were hiking in the hilly park a couple weeks ago, descending a fairly steep dirt road below the popular "Eagle Rock"overlook. I noticed a dad on a MTB pedaling up the road with a tow rope behind him, pulling his 12 year old son on his MTB behind him. As he got close to us, I complimented him (I was impressed!), "Way to go dad!". He smiled as he pedaled by me, and pointed down at his battery and e-bike conversion -- "I have a little help..." He was using it in the combined pedaling and e-boost mode. Nice. It looked something like this (but twice as steep):

https://bikerumor-wpengine.netdna-s...ntain-bike-kid-bungee-towing-strap_riding.jpg

 

[jedishrfu]

Nothing like keeping your kid in tow.

 

[jrmichler]

all sorts of crazy machines are possible and would be fun to play with. But one probably shouldn't expect to get rich making them.

The unicycle (AKA sociable monocycle) in the figure below never became popular.

It's from Bicycles and Tricycles by Archibald Sharp and originally published in 1896. The book is still in print.

 

[jedishrfu]

I’ve seen tall bikes here in Austin. They look awesome but I’d never try it because to me it’s an accident waiting to happen:

 

[bob012345]

The unicycle (AKA sociable monocycle) in the figure below never became popular.
View attachment 232987
It's from Bicycles and Tricycles by Archibald Sharp and originally published in 1896. The book is still in print.

Turned by coordinated leaning? Seems like the big wheel would provide a lot of angular momentum making turning harder.

 

[jedishrfu]

Turned by coordinated leaning?

I guess but these things won't be known unless you've ridden one. It may well be that it only rides in a straight line.

 

[bob012345]

I’ve seen tall bikes here in Austin. They look awesome but I’d never try it because to me it’s an accident waiting to happen:

View attachment 232997

One has to be old to get this but maybe a "floatilla" of these bikes will bring in the American Tricentennial. :)

 

[OmCheeto]

While often true, one will never know unless one tries. Rollerblades was a great example as was skateboards, the hula hoop and the Big Wheel. It just has to be at the right place and time with the right price and craze to make it happen.
...

To get REALLY rich, I think you need a perceived problem, that will encourage A LOT of people to pay money for a solution, that is worth developing.
I say "perceived", as lots of people seem to solve problems by throwing money at them, rather than doing the maths.
For instance, a VERY wealthy friend of mine told me a while back that she would pay for EVERYTHING to get my bicycle project up and running.
I did not take up her offer, as I knew, that bicycle maths/engineering, is really difficult.

Some examples:

Some university seniors:

0:00 - 1:00 Um..., pedaling around on a bicycle is kind of boring to watch
1:00 - 1:44 Yay! We see how that works!
1:44 - 1:56 Roll back? Um... no.
1:56 - 2:37 Nobody is going to buy a bike that takes almost a minute to get going again.
2:37 - 3:43 Analyzing the "engineering" problem
3:43 - 3:59 Well, it kind of worked
3:35 - 4:53 More riding around on a bicycle​

The following is a very good video, with maths and stuff, and kind of explains why I'm researching a mechanical, vs a dollar store electrical solution:

Acceleration

Battery energy used 8.08 Wh
Kinetic energy gained 3.59 Wh
efficiency of motor 44 %​

Regen

Battery energy gained 1.27 Wh
efficiency of generator 35 %​