Extending Malus's law to the general case.

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SUMMARY

The discussion confirms that an elliptically polarized wave can indeed be decomposed into two orthogonal linearly polarized components. This allows for the application of Malus's law to each linear component, facilitating the calculation of the transmission of the elliptical wave. The process involves first breaking down the elliptical polarization and then summing the transmitted components to derive the overall transmission result. This extension of Malus's law effectively addresses the complexities of circular and elliptical polarization.

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Is there an equation that is an extension of Malus's law that can handle circular and elliptical polarisation?

I have read that a linearly polarised wave can be decomposed into two opposite circularly polarised law. Is the converse true? Can an elliptically polarised wave be decomposed into two linearly polarised waves in such a way that we can apply Malus's law to each of the linear components and obtain a solution for the transmission of a elliptical wave?
 
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Yes, you can decompose an elliptically polarized wave into two orthogonal linearly components. Then apply Malus's law to each component, and add the two transmitted components to get the transmitted wave.
 

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