Finding two points on the vector joining two lines

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on finding two points, P1 on line L1 and P2 on line L2, such that the vector connecting them (L1L2) is perpendicular to both lines. The parametric equations for L1 and L2 are provided, and the direction vectors are identified as m1 = <2,1,-1> and m2 = <3,2,-3>. The cross product of these vectors yields the normal vector P1P2 = <-1,3,1>. The user is guided to set up equations based on the dot product to find the coordinates of P1 and P2.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of parametric equations of lines
  • Knowledge of vector operations, specifically cross product and dot product
  • Familiarity with Cartesian equations of lines
  • Ability to solve systems of equations in three dimensions
NEXT STEPS
  • Learn how to solve systems of equations involving parametric equations
  • Study the application of the dot product in determining perpendicular vectors
  • Explore the geometric interpretation of the cross product in three-dimensional space
  • Investigate methods for finding points on lines given specific conditions
USEFUL FOR

Students studying vector calculus, mathematicians working on geometric problems, and anyone interested in understanding the relationships between lines in three-dimensional space.

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Homework Statement


You are given the two lines with the following parametric equations:

L1:
x = 4 + 2t
y = 4 + t
z = -3 - t

L2:
x = -2 + 3s
y = -7 + 2s
z = 2 - 3s

Both s, and t are elements of a real number.

Determine the coordinates of P1 that lies on L1, and P2 that lies on L2, if vector L1L2 is perpendicular to each of the two lines.


Homework Equations


Cross Product
Dot Product
Parametric,vector, symmetric equations



The Attempt at a Solution


Alright, so I converted the L1 and L2 into their vector equations:
L1{ r = <4,4,-3> + t<2,1,-1> }
L2{ r = <-2,-7,2> + t<3,2,-3> }

The direction vectors are:
m1 = <2,1,-1>
m2 = <3,2,-3>

I took the cross product of both vectors to find the P1P2 vector that is also perpendicular to both the direction vectors of the line; if the line segment is perpendicular to the line, then it is bound to be perpendicular to its direction vectors as well.

m1 X m2 = P1P2
P1P2 = <-1,3,1> after doing all the cross product work.

I know <x - x0, y - y0, z - z0> = P1P2

I assign A(4,4,-3) from L1
I assign B(-2,-7,2) from L2
I know that the two lines share the same normal vector, P1P2, which is <-1,3,1>.

I am stuck here because I don't know how to go on with finding P1 and P2...
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I tried:

Making a line segment AP1 and another line segment BP2 to ultimately solve for the two points, by dot producting each line segment individually with P1P2.

(1) AP1 dot P1P2 = 0
(2) BP2 dot P1P2 = 0

Stopped at (1) because I realized all I accomplished was getting the Cartesian equation -_-
(1) <x - 4, y -4, z - (-3)> dot <-1,3,1> = 0

-1(x-4) + 3(y-4) + 1(z+3) = 0
-1x +4 + 3y -12 +1z + 3 = 0
-1x +3y + 1z -5 = 0
 
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Using different letters for the two lines:

\vec R = \langle 4, 4, -3\rangle + t\langle 2,1,-1\rangle

\vec S = \langle -2,-7,2\rangle + s\langle 3,2,-3\rangle

and you have a normal direction

\vec N = \langle -1,3,1\rangle

which is all good so far. What you are looking for is a point on R and a point on S such that the vector between those points is parallel to N:

\vec R(t) - \vec S(s) =\lambda \vec N

Write that out and you should get three equations in the 3 unknowns t, s, λ. Once you know t and s you have your two points.
 

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