Understanding the Impact of a Valve on Fluid Properties Upstream and Downstream

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on the relationship between fluid properties upstream and downstream of a valve, particularly in scenarios involving gases and liquids. The analysis considers pressure changes as a function of fluid dynamics, specifically examining conditions when the valve is closed and then opened. Key concepts include the impact of external pressures and the potential application of the Bernoulli equation, although kinetic and potential energy changes are deemed negligible. The discussion emphasizes the need for specific scenarios to accurately analyze pressure and enthalpy changes during fluid flow through a valve.

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  • Understanding of fluid dynamics principles
  • Familiarity with pressure and enthalpy concepts
  • Knowledge of the Bernoulli equation and its applications
  • Basic concepts of gas and liquid behavior in confined systems
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AAMAIK
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I want to know the relation between the properties upstream of the valve and those downstream.
Assume that the throttling device is small that not enough surface area is available for Q to occur. Changes in kinetic and potential energy are negligible.
If I define my system to be the fluid upstream of the valve and through the valve. what would happen to the properties that describe the condition of my system as it goes through the valve?
If my fluid is liquid then the pressure exerted on the valve will be ρgh where the height of the fluid column to the valve. However, if my system is composed of gas then pressure by the collision of the gaseous molecules with the surface of pipes in which the gas is flowing through. If on the other side of the valve the pipe is evacuated of air nothing is present then the pressure is lower this causes the fluid upstream to move, but what happens to the pressure will it stay the same, decrease?
I am not sure whether this analysis is appropriate for this situation.
Another scenario what if downstream the valve another fluid is present what happens to the pressure of the fluid upstream if I consider it as my system
 
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I'm not sure exactly what properties your considering and what your trying to achieve as such. However depending on complexity, maybe the Bernoulli equation could help? Though you said changes in potential and kinetic energy are negligible so i don't know if this is what you want.
 
I want to determine how the pressure and enthalpy change as the system flows through the valve.
 
AAMAIK said:
I want to determine how the pressure and enthalpy change as the system flows through the valve.
Could you give us a specific scenario to analyze please. What you provided is too vague.
 
I define my system to be the gas upstream of a valve, the valve is closed. I want to examine how the properties that describe the current state of my system change as I open the valve namely pressure and enthalpy. To simplify matters, I assume that the surface area of the valve is small enough such that no heat transfer takes place. I want to consider the changes in pressure and enthalpies in two scenarios, one if downstream the valve is empty (no matter is present) and the other if gas occupies the space downstream. Is the analogy to consider the gas downstream as a piston and the gas upstream contained inside a cylinder pushing against that cylinder. In addition, the external pressure acting against the gas upstream is increasing as it moves along because more gas molecules downstream are accumulating.
 

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