Formation of X-Ray Binaries Outside Black Holes

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the formation of X-ray binaries outside black holes, exploring the mechanisms of accretion and the structure of jets associated with these systems. It includes theoretical considerations and speculative questions regarding the nature of these astrophysical phenomena.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions how X-ray binaries can form outside the event horizon of a black hole and seeks clarification on the role of accretion in this process.
  • Another participant describes a scenario where a binary star system forms from two main sequence stars, with one evolving into a black hole and the other remaining a normal star. This participant explains that the black hole pulls material from the normal star into an accretion disk, leading to the emission of X-rays.
  • A follow-up question is posed regarding the orientation of jets emitted from the system, specifically why they are perpendicular to the plane of the accretion disk. This is noted as a complex question, with an acknowledgment that the formation of jets is an area of ongoing research.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants present various aspects of the formation of X-ray binaries and the associated phenomena, but there is no consensus on the specifics of jet formation or the underlying mechanisms, indicating that multiple views and uncertainties remain in the discussion.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights the complexities and active research surrounding the formation of jets and the dynamics of accretion disks, with no definitive answers provided regarding these topics.

Abtinnn
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Just curious...
I mean they don't form inside the event horizon, so how would they form outside? How does accretion do this?
 
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Stars are formed in clusters, and a certain percentage of them end up in binaries. So a binary star system forms consisting of two main sequence stars. The more massive of the two main sequence stars evolves off the main sequence and collapses into a black hole. The other star is still a normal star and continues to orbit while the black hole pulls material from the normal star into an accretion disk around the black hole. The hot matter in the accretion disk emits X-rays, and you have an X-ray binary. The normal star and the accretion disk are all outside the event horizon.
 
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phyzguy said:
Stars are formed in clusters, and a certain percentage of them end up in binaries. So a binary star system forms consisting of two main sequence stars. The more massive of the two main sequence stars evolves off the main sequence and collapses into a black hole. The other star is still a normal star and continues to orbit while the black hole pulls material from the normal star into an accretion disk around the black hole. The hot matter in the accretion disk emits X-rays, and you have an X-ray binary. The normal star and the accretion disk are all outside the event horizon.

Thank you for your response.
Also, why is the jet perpendicular to the plane of the accretion disk?
 
Abtinnn said:
Thank you for your response.
Also, why is the jet perpendicular to the plane of the accretion disk?

This is a much more difficult question. The formation of the jets is a topic of active research, so nobody knows for certain why they have the structure they do. You could start here.
 
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Cool!

Thanks a lot! :D
 

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