Friction on a particle on rough horizontal rotating disc

AI Thread Summary
A particle attached to an inextensible string on a rotating rough disc experiences varying tension based on its speed. Minimum tension occurs at the lowest speed, where friction opposes tension, while maximum tension occurs at the highest speed, where friction aids tension. The discussion highlights confusion regarding the direction of friction, which can change based on the speed of the particle. In uniform circular motion, the net force must act radially towards the center, and the presence of the string alters the dynamics of friction. The scenario involves an elastic string, with constant tension and changing angular speed, clarifying the initial misunderstandings.
koliko987
Messages
6
Reaction score
0
A particle is attached to an inextensible string. The other end of the string is attached to the centre of a rotating rough disc. The string is shorter than the radius of the disc so the particle remains on the disc and moves in uniform circular motion.
I don't remember the quantities but the question was to find min and max values of tension in the string(for different speeds of rotation).
Apparently min tension is when the particle is moving the most slowly and at his point friction is acting opposite the tension so Tmin - Fr = mv^2/r.
Similarly the max tension is when speed is greatest and at this speed friction acts in the same direction as tension so Tmax + Fr = mv^2/r.
I really don't understand why the direction of friction changes with different speeds and how can the friction act outward of the circle, wouldn't that be a non existent centrifugal force? I though in uniform circular motion friction acts tangentially and toward the circle and nowhere else.
Can someone help me understand this? Any help is greatly appreciated. Cheers.

Edit: I found the question. It's actually an elastic string. The string is extended and it's asking for min and max values of angular speed without changing the extension. So tension is constant and angular speed is changing. Sorry about that.
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
koliko987 said:
I really don't understand why the direction of friction changes with different speeds and how can the friction act outward of the circle, wouldn't that be a non existent centrifugal force?
What if the speed was zero (or at least very low)? Which way would the forces act on the particle? What if the speed was very high?

koliko987 said:
I though in uniform circular motion friction acts tangentially and toward the circle and nowhere else.
In uniform circular motion, the net force must act radially (not tangentially) towards the center of the circle. If friction were the only force acting, then it would act toward the center. But that's not the case here. The string also exerts a force.
 
Edit: I found the question. It's actually an elastic string. The string is extended and it's asking for min and max values of angular speed without changing the extension. So tension is constant and angular speed is changing. Sorry about that.

That explains a lot :-)
 
The rope is tied into the person (the load of 200 pounds) and the rope goes up from the person to a fixed pulley and back down to his hands. He hauls the rope to suspend himself in the air. What is the mechanical advantage of the system? The person will indeed only have to lift half of his body weight (roughly 100 pounds) because he now lessened the load by that same amount. This APPEARS to be a 2:1 because he can hold himself with half the force, but my question is: is that mechanical...
Some physics textbook writer told me that Newton's first law applies only on bodies that feel no interactions at all. He said that if a body is on rest or moves in constant velocity, there is no external force acting on it. But I have heard another form of the law that says the net force acting on a body must be zero. This means there is interactions involved after all. So which one is correct?
Let there be a person in a not yet optimally designed sled at h meters in height. Let this sled free fall but user can steer by tilting their body weight in the sled or by optimal sled shape design point it in some horizontal direction where it is wanted to go - in any horizontal direction but once picked fixed. How to calculate horizontal distance d achievable as function of height h. Thus what is f(h) = d. Put another way, imagine a helicopter rises to a height h, but then shuts off all...
Back
Top