Graphene super strong but not graphite?

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    Graphene Graphite
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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the contrasting mechanical properties of graphene and graphite, specifically why graphene exhibits significant strength while graphite does not, despite being composed of stacked graphene sheets. The scope includes conceptual exploration of material properties and structural behavior under different conditions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions why graphene is strong while graphite, made of stacked graphene sheets, is not, suggesting an expectation of strength from the stacking.
  • Another participant points out that the stacking arrangement of graphite allows layers to slide apart, which contributes to its weaker performance across planes.
  • It is noted that graphite's lubrication properties arise from the ability of its layers to slip past each other, indicating strength in one plane but weakness in inter-layer interactions.
  • A participant raises a question about the strength of graphite under strain along the graphene planes, proposing that the combined strength of the layers might still be significant.
  • Another contribution explains that the lubrication effectiveness of graphite is influenced by the presence of fluids between layers and that in a vacuum, graphite's lubricating ability diminishes. It suggests that a perfectly aligned and pure graphite crystal could exhibit strength if pulled correctly.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the mechanical properties of graphite versus graphene, particularly regarding the implications of layer interactions and conditions affecting strength. The discussion remains unresolved with multiple competing perspectives on the topic.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations regarding assumptions about the purity and alignment of graphite crystals, as well as the conditions under which strength is evaluated. The discussion does not resolve the complexities of inter-layer forces and their impact on material behavior.

TriKri
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How does it come that graphene is so strong, but not graphite? Graphite is basically just many graphene sheets stacked on top of each other so it should super duper strong.
 
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Ah, but you should consider how they are stacked on top of each other. Graphite "slides" apart in different sheets.
 
The reason graphite is used as a dry lubricant is because the layers slip past each other easily.

Yes, they are strong in one plane, but very weak across planes.
 
Okay, so they slide on top of each other, but that is only when the graphite crystal is exposed to shearing, right, so what about when the crystal is exposed to strain along the graphene planes? Then the force the graphite would be able to take would still be the sum of the forces the graphene layers can take, which would still be super much? Or am I thinking wrong here?
 
By the way, the lubrication properties of graphite is due to the presence of fluids between the layers, such as air and water, which are adsorbed naturally, from the environment, and not solely do to the weak inter-layer bounds. In vacuum, graphite becomes a poor lubricant. In theory, if you pulled a pure graphite crystal along the direction of its planes, it would be very strong. But you would have to have a very pure crystal stack, all lined up, and be pulling at just the right direction, and pulling all layers equally. Typical graphite, like in a pencil, or more like a spaghetti-ball of layers/fragments.
 
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