Height of cliff using energy and speed of sound

In summary, the stone was dropped from a cliff and the splash it made was heard 4.0 seconds later. The question is asking for the time it took to drop and the time it took for the sound to travel back, and those two times added together is 4.0 seconds. t1 is the time it takes for the rock to hit the water and using energy, mgh is .5mv^2. Gh is .5v^2 and to find v, v=v0+at. v=gt. So gh=.5g^2t^2. 2h=gt^2 and 2h/g is t^2. t1=sqrt(2h/g) and
  • #1
toothpaste666
516
20

Homework Statement


[/B]
A stone is dropped from the top of a cliff. The splash it makes when striking the water below is heard 4.0s later.
how high is the cliff

Homework Equations


.5mv^2+mgy = E
v = v0 + at
v = d/t

The Attempt at a Solution



The question says after the rock is DROPPED so i need to figure out the time it took to drop and the time it took for the sound to travel back and those two times added together will be 4 sec
t1 is the time it takes for the rock to hit the water. using energy
mgh = .5mv^2
gh = .5v^2
to find v
v = v0 + at
v = gt
so
gh = .5g^2t^2
2h=gt^2
2h/g = t^2
t1= sqrt (2h/g)

to find t2
v = d/t
v=h/t
t2= h/v where v is speed of sound

t1 + t2 = 4
sqrt(2h/g) + h/v = 4
sqrt(2h/g) = 4 - h/v
2h/g = (4-h/v)^2
2h/g = 16 - 8h/v + h^2/v^2
2h/g +8h/v = 16 - h^2/v^2
2hv/gv + 8hg/gv = 16 - h^2/v^2
[(2hv+8hg)/gv] = 16 - h^2/v^2
[(2v+8g)/gv]h = 16 - h^2/v^2
h^2/v^2 + [(2v+8g)/gv]h - 16 = 0
(1/v^2)h^2 +[(2v+8g)/gv]h -16 = 0
(1/(343^2))h^2 + [(2*343+8*9.8)/(9.8*343)]h -16 = 0
(8.50x10^-6)h^2 + .227 h -16 = 0
using quadratic formula
[-.227 +/- sqrt((-.227^2)-4(8.50x10^-6)(-16))]/(2* (8.50x10^-6)
(-.227 +/- .228)/ (1.7*10^-5)

-.227 + .228/ (1.7*10^-5) = 58.8m = h

mastering physics wants it to 2 sig figs so i submitted 59 m but it was marked wrong. where did i make a mistake?
 
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  • #2
Have you tried substituting your answer back into the starting equations to calculate the two times?
 
  • #3
t1 = sqrt(2h/g) = sqrt((2*58.8)/9.8) = 3.46
t2 = h/v = 58.8/343 = .171
t1 + t2 = 4
3.46 + .171 = 3.63
so its not quite 4
 
  • #4
toothpaste666 said:
t1 = sqrt(2h/g) = sqrt((2*58.8)/9.8) = 3.46
t2 = h/v = 58.8/343 = .171
t1 + t2 = 4
3.46 + .171 = 3.63
so its not quite 4
Well short of 4. So try subbing it in the last quadratic equation. Narrow down the location of the error that way.
 
  • #5
ended up finding it by trial and error that way. still trying to figure out where i went wrong mathematically
 

1. How is the height of a cliff determined using energy and speed of sound?

The height of a cliff can be determined by measuring the time it takes for a sound wave to travel from the top of the cliff to the bottom and back up again. This time can then be used to calculate the distance using the equation d=vt, where d is the distance, v is the speed of sound, and t is the time. The height of the cliff is then half of the calculated distance.

2. What is the speed of sound and how is it measured?

The speed of sound is the rate at which sound waves travel through a medium, such as air or water. It is typically measured in meters per second (m/s). The speed of sound can be measured by using an instrument, such as a sonar or a speed of sound sensor, which sends out a sound wave and measures the time it takes for the wave to return. This time can then be used to calculate the speed of sound using the equation v=d/t, where v is the speed of sound, d is the distance traveled, and t is the time.

3. How does the energy of a sound wave relate to the height of a cliff?

The energy of a sound wave is directly related to the height of a cliff. As a sound wave travels from the top of the cliff to the bottom, it loses energy due to the medium it is traveling through. The greater the height of the cliff, the more energy the sound wave will lose, resulting in a longer travel time. Therefore, by measuring the energy of the sound wave and the time it takes to travel, the height of the cliff can be calculated.

4. Can the height of a cliff be accurately determined using this method?

Yes, the height of a cliff can be accurately determined using this method. However, it is important to note that this method assumes a constant speed of sound, which may vary depending on factors such as temperature and humidity. Additionally, other factors such as wind or obstacles in the path of the sound wave can affect the accuracy of the measurement.

5. Are there any limitations to using energy and speed of sound to determine the height of a cliff?

While this method can provide a fairly accurate estimation of the height of a cliff, it does have some limitations. As mentioned before, the speed of sound may vary and external factors can affect the accuracy of the measurement. Additionally, this method may not work for cliffs that are located in areas with strong winds or for cliffs that have a complex shape, as the sound wave may not travel in a straight path.

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