How Does Heat Addition Affect Gas Behavior in a Dual-Chamber Cylinder?

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SUMMARY

The discussion revolves around the thermodynamic analysis of a dual-chamber cylinder containing CO2 and N2 gases, where heat is added through a diathermanous wall. The initial conditions for both chambers are identical, with CO2 at 500 liters, 1 Bar, and 27 ºC, and N2 under the same conditions. After heat addition, the final pressure in both chambers reaches 2 Bar, with calculated final temperatures of 848.52 ºK for CO2 and 351.57 ºK for N2. The calculations for internal energy change (ΔU), heat (Q), and work (W) are also discussed, highlighting the importance of the polytropic process with n = -2 for CO2.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermodynamic principles, particularly the behavior of gases under heat addition.
  • Familiarity with the ideal gas law (PV = nRT).
  • Knowledge of polytropic processes and specific heat capacities for different gases.
  • Ability to perform calculations involving internal energy changes (ΔU) and work done (W) in thermodynamic systems.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and application of the ideal gas law in various thermodynamic processes.
  • Learn about polytropic processes and how to determine the polytropic index (n) for different gases.
  • Explore the concept of diathermanous materials and their role in heat transfer.
  • Investigate the specific heat capacities of CO2 and N2 and their implications in thermodynamic calculations.
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for students studying thermodynamics, particularly those focusing on gas behavior in closed systems, as well as educators seeking to clarify concepts related to heat transfer and polytropic processes.

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Homework Statement


-We have a cylinder with two chambers separated by an adiabatic piston. The external walls are adiabatics but left wall is diatermana. Friction produced by the piston moving is absorbed by the right system. Inicially gas conditions are the same for both ( in the left chamber CO2, 500 litres, 1 Bar, 27 ºC, and in right chamber N2 with the same conditions).
We add heat (by an exterior focus with constant temperature of 900ºK) through diatemana wall and piston moving until pressure in right chamber is 2 Bar. Left system is a polytropic process with n = -2. We assume gases are perfect.
Calculate:
a) P,T,V in final equilibrium in both chambers
b) ΔU , heat and work in left chamber
c) ΔU , heat and work in right chamber
d) Expansion work and friction work in right chamber

Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution


a) First I find moles for both gases and It`s the same 20.32 moles.
Final pressure in both chambers is 2 Bar. To calculate final temperature in left chamber I used T_2=T_1(P_2/P_1)^{n-1/n}and it is T_2=848,52 ºK.
For the volume P_1(V_1)^n=P_2(V_2)^n and it is V_2= 707,1 Litres
For the right chamber: Total volume of the cylinder is 1000 litres and doesn´t change, so V_t=V_{1f}-V_{2f}, 1000=707,1-V_{2f}, V_{2f}=292,9 litres now I used PV=NRT to calculate final temperature in right chamber T=351,57 ºK.
b) To calculate ΔU, I use ΔU= N Cv(Tf-Ti) and ΔU=229.0788 Kj after
W_{exp}=NR(T_f-T_i)/1-n and W_{exp}=30.8901 Kj Now I calculate Q
Q= ΔU+W_{exp}=198.1887 Kj

I don´t know if it´s ok?
Thank you
 
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You have followed it through well.

The only thing that bothers me about this calculation is the value of 2 for n.
Where did this come from?

I have
For carbon dioxide n=1.2
For nitrogen n=1.4

Incidentally I apologise for confusing Italian with Spanish before.
The English word is diathermanous.

go well
 
Hello Studiot,thank you for your reply.The n value is an exercise data,is given by the teacher,I suppose it`s invented. Thank you to correct diathermanous word.
Best regards
 
Seems a bit pointless stating the gas, then supplying the wrong value of the ratio of specific heats.

Further, I presume you realize that the stated conditions are instantaneous?
With the heat source specified the gas in the left chamber would continue to heat up until its temperature was the same as the heat source.

I normally expect to see given information used (needed) in some way in a question. Does your teacher not do this?
 
Hello, unfortunaly we have a very bad teacher for this subject.
Thank you
 

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