The gain of an NPN transistor is typically expressed as the ratio of the collector current to the base current, known as beta (β). Beta can be calculated using the formula β = Ic/Ib, where Ic is the collector current and Ib is the base current. The relationship indicates that as the base current increases, the collector current increases proportionally, leading to higher gain. For more detailed information, reference materials such as Wikipedia can provide additional context on bipolar junction transistors. Understanding this relationship is crucial for effective transistor circuit design.