How to calculate velocity in a spring mass model?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the velocity in a spring-mass model, specifically for a mass of 4 kg and spring stiffness of 40 kN/m. The equivalent spring stiffness and natural frequency are determined using the formula W = √(k/m). The displacement equation is derived from x = A sin(ω_n t) + B cos(ω_n t), where B represents the initial displacement. The velocity at t = 0.05s is calculated by differentiating the displacement equation and substituting the appropriate values.

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  • Understanding of spring-mass systems and dynamics
  • Familiarity with undamped free vibration concepts
  • Knowledge of natural frequency calculations
  • Ability to differentiate mathematical equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Learn about calculating equivalent spring stiffness in multi-spring systems
  • Explore the derivation of natural frequency for various mass-spring configurations
  • Study the application of differential equations in dynamic systems
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Students and professionals in mechanical engineering, particularly those studying dynamics and vibration analysis, will benefit from this discussion.

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Homework Statement



At time t = 0, the mass is released 8 mm below the static equilibrium position. The mass is
m = 4kg and each spring stiffness is k = 40 kN/m.
Determine:
(i) The equivalent spring stiffness.
(ii) The natural frequency of the system in Hertz.
(iii) The displacement equation of the spring-mass model.
(iv) The velocity of the mass at time t = 0.05s.
(v) The acceleration of the mass at time t = 0.05s.

Homework Equations



x=A sin⁡〖ω_n 〗 t+B cos⁡〖ω_n 〗 t

The Attempt at a Solution

I have managed to calculate it. Basically B is equal to displacement at t=0 according to lectures about undamped free vibration and A is equal to velocity x/natural circular frequency. In order to find velocity, I calculated natural circular frequency using the W=square root of (stiffness(k)/mass(m)) and after it I differentiated the formula for x given above in the relevant equations. Pretty much I just have to replace B for displacement and then multiplied by natural frequency in the derived velocity formula. A would be ignored and the value for B times W_n would be used as the value for velocity I believe. The derivation of the above formula should be something like this:

x=ω_n A cos⁡〖ω_n 〗t - ω_n B sin⁡〖ω_n 〗t

This is about undamped free vibration for Dynamics. If someone knows about it, would be nice if they could give me a shout and let me know if I am wrong and add some input into it here in the thread
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
Velocity found. For acceleration I need to differentiate the formula for velocity and use the same method I think.
 

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