How to determine whether a system is closed or not?

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SUMMARY

The discussion clarifies that a car engine system, specifically the combustion engine, is not a closed system due to the exchange of exhaust gases with the environment. The participants emphasize that a closed system is defined by no mass entering or leaving the system, which is violated in the case of a car engine. The conversation also touches on the importance of understanding equilibrium in simple systems, where state is defined by specific properties, aiding in the differentiation between open and closed systems.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermodynamic systems, specifically open and closed systems.
  • Familiarity with the concept of equilibrium in simple systems.
  • Knowledge of independent and dependent variables in scientific experiments.
  • Basic principles of combustion engines and exhaust systems.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the principles of thermodynamics, focusing on open vs. closed systems.
  • Study the concept of equilibrium in thermodynamic systems.
  • Learn about the mechanics of combustion engines and their exhaust processes.
  • Explore the role of independent variables in scientific experiments and their impact on system behavior.
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Students of physics, engineers specializing in automotive design, and anyone interested in thermodynamics and system analysis.

influx
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I know the definition of an open/closed system but I am still confused:

1) Why isn't C a closed system?

2) I know that a simple system's state is defined by just 2 properties (when the system is in equilibrium) but how do we eliminate the wrong answers and determine the correct answer in this question?

3) The independent variable = the thing you change (as far as I know) but that doesn't lead me any closer to the correct answer..

Cheers
 
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C isn't a closed system because exhaust gases are entering and leaving the car exhaust (piping).
 

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