Factoring Higher Order Polynomials: A Practical Method for Control System Design

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on determining the parameters of a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller to achieve specific closed-loop pole characteristics for a given transfer function, G(s). The user explores the decomposition of a third-order polynomial into a first-order and a second-order system to meet overshoot and settling time specifications. Key equations include the transfer function G(s) and its manipulation to derive the desired system behavior. The user seeks clarification on the role of the zero (z) in the transfer function and how to relate the second-order system's parameters to the original transfer function.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of control system design principles
  • Familiarity with transfer functions and pole-zero analysis
  • Knowledge of Proportional-Integral (PI) controller tuning
  • Ability to perform polynomial factorization and manipulation
NEXT STEPS
  • Learn about the Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion for determining system stability
  • Study the derivation of closed-loop transfer functions in control systems
  • Explore methods for tuning PI controllers, including Ziegler-Nichols and pole placement
  • Investigate analytical techniques for factoring higher-order polynomials in control applications
USEFUL FOR

Control system engineers, students studying control theory, and practitioners involved in designing and tuning PI controllers for dynamic systems.

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Homework Statement


Determine the parameters of the PI controller such that two of the closed-loop poles of the transfer function Gclr(s) correspond to the poles of a second order LTI system with the following specifications: i) overshoot S% = 25%; and ii) settling time ts(5%) = 120 s.

Homework Equations


3. The Attempt at a Solution [/B]

I have the following system:

$$G(s)=\frac{2K(s+z)}{1000s^3+110s^2+(1+2K)s+2Kz}$$

Now I need to have this system meeting certain specifications (not relevant to what I'm asking now) such as a certain value of overshoot and of settling time. And I have to determine z and K for that.

Anyway for that my guess is that I must decompose my transfer function into the sum of a first order system and a second order system (without zeros I suppose) and compare the second order parcel to the generic analysis of second order system. In theory I know that's what I have to do, but I'm a bit stuck. How do I decompose my denominator?

My first attempt consisted of making z=0. There I would have a transfer functios of

$$G(s)=\frac{2Ks}{1000s^3+110s^2+(1+2K)s}$$

And by cancelling the zero at the origin (it's valid to do that right?)

$$G(s)=\frac{2K}{1000s^2+110s+(1+2K)}$$

And since the static gain of this system is $$\frac{2K}{1+2K}$$ we must have, after some algebraic manipulation:

$$ G(s)=\frac{2K}{(1+2K)} \frac{0.001}{\frac{s^2}{1+2K}+ \frac{0.11s}{1+2K} + 0.001} $$

Now the second term of this product corresponds to the standard second order system without zeros. I should now apply know formulas and obtain the desired overshoot and settling time.

Is this correct?
But now can't z be different than zero? How do I deal with that in that case?

Then I made another try where I calculate the parameters of a second order system without zeros has to be to meet those specifications. I came up with a denominator of the system $$ s^2 + 0.04999 s + 0.00383$$. and two complex conjugate poles $$ s = - 0.025 \pm j0.05663$$. Now how can I relate this denominator to the transfer function denominator and therefore determine my parameters?

Thanks in advance!
 
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