How to understand when surface terms go to zero

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Ebarval
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TL;DR
When do surface terms go to zero?
Hi all,
I'm trying to understand when surface terms go to zero. I'm not really getting a connection other than many textbooks just saying surface terms go to zero.
I have added a photo of Liboff's Kinetic Theory page 3 on Lagrange's equations. Before equation 1.7, he says the surface terms go to zero because the end points 1 &2 are fixed. But can't the Lagrangian still have a differential with respect to qdot?
 
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  • Figure 1.1: graph of q against t showing a fixed path between endpoints q1 at t1 and q2 at t2, with a varied path and the variation labelled δq.
    LagrangeSurfaceTerm.PNG
    45.6 KB · Views: 315
PeroK said:
If ##\delta q = 0## then ##\delta q \times X = 0##, whatever ##X## is.
But then why can't that be done on the step after eqn 1.6 or 1.6 itself?
 
Ebarval said:
But then why can't that be done on the step after eqn 1.6 or 1.6 itself?
Because it's not zero everywhere. Only at the end points where the Parts terms are evaluated.
 
PeroK said:
Because it's not zero everywhere. Only at the end points where the Parts terms are evaluated.
Ah I see! Thank you!
But now I have more questions. How can I tell from integral if something will end up as a surface term and that it goes to zero if there is no such delta term explicitly multiplying?
 
Ebarval said:
Ah I see! Thank you!
But now I have more questions. How can I tell from integral if something will end up as a surface term and that it goes to zero if there is no such delta term explicitly multiplying?
In this case, ##\delta q## is any variation on the path between two fixed endpoints. That's all there is to it.
 
How about for the attached section? They mention the surface terms go to zero which I assume are the uk*ul
 
Attachments
  • Two pages of a textbook on Hermitian operators in L2N: definition of the norm, Hermitian condition (4.24), matrix elements (4.25), matrix representation (4.26), and the equivalent integral form (4.26a) for an N-body Hamiltonian.
    LiouvilleOp.PNG
    38.5 KB · Views: 304
  • Printed textbook page of equations (4.27) to (4.29) for a Hamiltonian H with pair potential and the operator Lambda_kl, with integral manipulations, ending with a Hermitian conclusion and two numbered properties.
    LiouvilleOp1.PNG
    52.5 KB · Views: 284