I can't figure out why this happens with pure substances. My book is a

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the behavior of pure substances, specifically water, under conditions below the triple point pressure. The user expresses confusion about why solid water (ice) sublimates directly to vapor without transitioning to the liquid phase when energy is added. They highlight the importance of understanding latent heat and enthalpy, noting that the enthalpies of fusion and vaporization vary with temperature and pressure. The user seeks clarity on the energy dynamics involved in this phase transition.

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  • Understanding of phase diagrams, particularly the triple point.
  • Knowledge of latent heat and its role in phase transitions.
  • Familiarity with enthalpy concepts, including enthalpy of fusion and vaporization.
  • Basic principles of thermodynamics related to energy transfer.
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  • Research phase diagrams and the significance of the triple point in pure substances.
  • Study the concepts of latent heat and how it applies to phase changes in water.
  • Learn about the enthalpy of fusion and vaporization at varying temperatures and pressures.
  • Explore thermodynamic principles governing energy transfer during sublimation.
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Students of chemistry, physicists, and anyone interested in the thermodynamic properties of pure substances, particularly those studying phase transitions and energy dynamics in materials.

Curl
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I can't figure out why this happens with pure substances. My book is a piece of junk, perhaps someone could recommend a better book.

But why does water, for example, sublime below triple-point pressures?

If I'm below triple point pressure and I add energy to solid water, there should be a point where I can break the crystal bonds. But I just added enough energy to pay for the "latent heat" of fusion, not nearly enough for the enthlapy of vaporization.

So what happens? Does it remain a solid? How does that work, what happens to the energy I added? I don't see why the liquid phase is skipped.

Thanks for any help.
P.S. Wikipedia is worthless on this subject.
 
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Wow, honestly I didn't think this was such a tough question...
 


As far as enthalpies of fusion and vaporization, they're different for different temps and pressures, so I'm sure that the calculations go right if you use the enthalpies of the below-triple-point pressure and not the STP enthalpies.
 

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