Branch instructions are conditional, altering program flow only if a specific condition is met, while jump instructions are unconditional, directing the program flow to a specified location regardless of any conditions. In some programming languages, such as 68HC11, jumps refer to absolute positions, whereas branches are relative. The definitions of branch and jump can vary slightly depending on the programming context. Understanding these differences is crucial for effective programming and control flow management. Overall, the distinction between branch and jump instructions is essential for optimizing code execution.