Integral of exponential involving sines and cosines

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    Exponential Integral
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SUMMARY

The integral discussed is \int_0^{2\pi} exp[-i(G_x \cos\theta + G_y \sin\theta)] d\theta, which can be approached using Bessel functions. The discussion highlights the potential for rewriting the exponential terms into Fourier series, specifically utilizing the expansion e^{-ix\sin\phi} = \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty}J_{k}(x)e^{-ik\phi}. The limits of integration are confirmed to be from 0 to 2π, and the solution likely involves a combination of Bessel functions, denoted as J_{n}(x).

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Hey!

Can someone help me solve the following integral

<br /> \int_0^{2\pi} exp[-i(G_x \cos\theta + G_y \sin\theta] d\theta<br />

I've tried splitting the exponential into a product of two exponetials and rewriting the exponentials in terms of sines and cosines. But I always end up getting stuck. Some of my rewritings ended up looking close to a Bessel function but it's just not quite the same. Can someone just give me a hint on where to start?

Im not sure about the limits, they might have to be from -\pi to \pi but I don't believe that should change anything.

Thanks in advance
 
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Probably the answer will look like some combination of Bessel Js.

<br /> J_{n}(x) = \int_{0}^{2\pi}\frac{d\phi}{2\pi}e^{-ix\sin\phi + in\phi}<br />

There is an expansion:

<br /> e^{-ix\sin\phi} = \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty}J_{k}(x)e^{-ik\phi}<br />

So in principle you can expand each exponentional term into Fourier harmonics and evaluate the angular integral, then resum the resulting expression. There is probably an easier way though...
 

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