Internal energy and heat of vaporization

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the change in internal energy during the vaporization of water. Using the heat of vaporization of water, 2.26 x 106 J/kg, and the work done during the phase change, the internal energy change is determined to be 2090.8 J. The calculations involve the equations w = -PΔV and E = q + w, where the work done (w) is calculated as -169.2 J. The final result is confirmed to be accurate, with a recommendation to present it with four significant digits.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermodynamics principles, specifically internal energy and heat transfer.
  • Familiarity with the equations of state, particularly w = -PΔV and E = q + w.
  • Knowledge of the heat of vaporization for water (2.26 x 106 J/kg).
  • Ability to perform unit conversions, such as converting cm3 to liters.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the concept of internal energy in thermodynamics.
  • Learn about the significance of significant figures in scientific calculations.
  • Explore the implications of phase changes on energy calculations.
  • Investigate other materials' heat of vaporization for comparative analysis.
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in chemistry and physics, particularly those focused on thermodynamics and energy calculations during phase transitions.

hs764
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1. One gram of water occupies a volume of 1 cm3 at atmospheric pressure. When this amount of water is boiled, it becomes 1671 cm3 of steam. Calculate the change in internal energy for this vaporization process. The heat of vaporization for water is 2.26 x 106 J/kg.

2. w = -PΔV, E = q + w

3. w = -(1 atm)x(1.671 L - 0.001 L) x (101.3 J/L atm) = -169.2 J. q = ΔHvap = 2.26 x 106 J/kg x 0.001 kg = 2.26 x 103 J. E = 2.26 x 103 J - 169.2 J = 2090.8 J.

For some reason I feel like something is missing, but there are no temperature changes given so I don't know what other steps there could be.
 
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hs764 said:
1. One gram of water occupies a volume of 1 cm3 at atmospheric pressure. When this amount of water is boiled, it becomes 1671 cm3 of steam. Calculate the change in internal energy for this vaporization process. The heat of vaporization for water is 2.26 x 106 J/kg.

2. w = -PΔV, E = q + w

3. w = -(1 atm)x(1.671 L - 0.001 L) x (101.3 J/L atm) = -169.2 J. q = ΔHvap = 2.26 x 106 J/kg x 0.001 kg = 2.26 x 103 J. E = 2.26 x 103 J - 169.2 J = 2090.8 J.

For some reason I feel like something is missing, but there are no temperature changes given so I don't know what other steps there could be.
I do not think there is any problem with your solutions. There are some little things, however. The energy equation is ΔE = q + w. The result should be given by 4 significant digits. Round up that 2090.8 J.
 

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