Internal energy and heat question.

In summary, to determine an error at the 100C mark in a mercury thermometer, you would use a labelled sketch of the apparatus and follow a specific procedure. It is important to note the atmospheric pressure at the same time. If the thermometer reads 103 at 100C with no zero error, it will register at 50C. A hint for determining the error would be to put the thermometer in pure steam and see if the mercury goes past 100, indicating incorrect graduations. This method works because steam at normal atmospheric pressure is 100 Celsius, and the upper fixed point is found at a low pressure.
  • #1
lionely
576
2
how would you determine an error at the 100C mark in a given mercury thermometer?Your answer should consist of a labelled sketch of the apparatus you would use and brief notes on procedure. Why is it important, at the same time, to note the atmospheric pressure? If the thermometer registers 103 at 100C and has no zero error what will it register at 50C.

To determine the error could you put it in pure steam and see if the mercury goes past 100? That means the graduations would have been wrong. I'm not sure.

Please help me, give me a hint please!
 
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  • #2
You are on the right track. Steam at normal atmospheric pressure is 100 Celsius
 
  • #3
Oh! That means he's finding the upper fixed point at a low pressure?
 

1. What is internal energy and how is it different from heat?

Internal energy is the total energy that a system possesses, including both kinetic and potential energy. Heat, on the other hand, refers to the transfer of energy between two objects due to a temperature difference. In other words, internal energy is a property of a system, while heat is a process of energy transfer.

2. How is internal energy related to temperature?

The internal energy of a system is directly proportional to its temperature. This means that as the temperature of a system increases, its internal energy also increases. Conversely, as the temperature decreases, the internal energy decreases as well.

3. What factors affect the internal energy of a system?

The internal energy of a system is affected by its temperature, pressure, and the types and amounts of substances present. Changes in these factors can result in a change in the internal energy of the system.

4. What is the first law of thermodynamics and how does it relate to internal energy?

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted from one form to another. This means that the internal energy of a system remains constant, unless there is a transfer of energy in or out of the system.

5. How is internal energy measured and expressed?

Internal energy is typically measured in joules (J) or kilojoules (kJ). It can also be expressed per unit mass or per mole of a substance. In some cases, internal energy may also be measured and expressed in other units, such as calories or electron volts.

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