Is constantly turning a light switch on and off bad?

Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the effects of frequently turning a light switch on and off, particularly in relation to the lifespan of light bulbs, specifically incandescent bulbs. Participants explore the underlying physics and mechanisms that may contribute to bulb burnout and the implications for both switches and bulbs.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the validity of a friend's claim that frequently switching a light bulb on and off causes it to burn out, seeking clarification on the physics involved.
  • Another participant suggests that arcing at the switch and the change in filament size due to current fluctuations can reduce the lifespan of both the switch and the bulb.
  • A participant explains that filament bulbs have lower resistance when cold, leading to a momentary surge in current when switched on, which may contribute to burnout.
  • It is noted that the rapid thermal expansion of tungsten at switch-on can stress the filament, potentially leading to failure over time.
  • Some participants mention that low voltage filaments are more robust and can withstand more frequent on/off cycles compared to standard incandescent bulbs.
  • Stage lighting is referenced as an example where dimmers are used to mitigate thermal stress, allowing for more frequent cycling without significant damage.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying views on the mechanisms that contribute to bulb burnout, with some agreeing on the role of thermal stress and current surges, while others focus on different aspects such as switch arcing. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the extent of impact from frequently switching bulbs on and off.

Contextual Notes

Participants discuss assumptions related to the materials and construction of light bulbs, as well as the specific conditions under which the bulbs are used, which may affect the validity of claims made.

iScience
Messages
466
Reaction score
5
i was messing with a friend of mine, constantly switching his bed lamp on and off; he said that's how light bulbs get burnt out. I don't understand the physics behind this. All that's happening is an alternating on and off AC power going through the light bulb. is it the arc at the switch site? or is there just nothing valid to what he's saying?
 
Engineering news on Phys.org
The arc in the switch will reduce the life of the switch and the change in filament size as the current starts and stops will reduce the life of the bulb. Ever notice how incandescent bulbs pretty much always burn out right when you switch them on?
 
Filament bulbs have a lower resistance when they are cold than when they are hot. This means that when they are switched on there is a momentary current which is larger than the rated current.
 
At switch on, because of the high power dissipated (mentioned above), there is rapid expansion of the tungsten, which stresses it. Tungsten is not, I believe, a good 'structural' material (it's talent is in its high melting point) and constant stressing will cause it to shed its surface and become thinner and weaker.
Low voltage filaments (standard car headlamps and flasher bulbs, for instance) are shorter and fatter and are much stronger. They will survive much more thermal abuse (on off on off) than your average mains filament and last longer. Stage lighting is turned up and down very frequently but a dimmer is used, which slows up the temperature cycling stress and they can also take many more on off cycles.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 14 ·
Replies
14
Views
2K
Replies
21
Views
3K
Replies
13
Views
3K
Replies
24
Views
3K
Replies
32
Views
11K
Replies
8
Views
4K
  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
3K
  • · Replies 14 ·
Replies
14
Views
4K
  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
3K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
2K