Is it correct to use impedance in this question?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the appropriate terminology to describe the electrical properties of the Earth wire and fuse in an appliance with a metal casing, particularly whether to use "impedance" or "resistance" in the context of protecting users from electric shocks during a short circuit. The scope includes conceptual understanding and technical clarification related to electrical engineering principles.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • One participant states that the Earth wire provides a low impedance path to ground, leading to a large current draw that causes the fuse to melt and break the circuit.
  • Another participant argues that while impedance can be accepted, the official term should be resistance, suggesting that using impedance is technically incorrect.
  • A further contribution emphasizes that in practical scenarios, there is no pure resistance due to the presence of inductance and capacitance, raising questions about the conditions under which impedance is considered.
  • Some participants note that in ideal circuits, resistance is applicable, but in real-world applications, impedance is more accurate due to reactive components.
  • One participant asserts that impedance is just as correct as resistance in this context, highlighting that all resistance is a form of impedance but not vice versa.
  • A later reply suggests that while "impedance" is slightly more technically correct, both terms should be regarded as equally valid in this discussion.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the appropriateness of using "impedance" versus "resistance," indicating that there is no consensus on which term is definitively correct. Some argue for the technical correctness of impedance, while others advocate for resistance as the more appropriate term.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights the complexities of electrical terminology, particularly in practical applications where reactive components may influence the classification of electrical properties. There is an acknowledgment of the limitations of ideal versus real-world circuit behavior.

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Homework Statement



Describe how the Earth wire and fuse in an appliance with a metal casing protects the user from shocks if a short occurs to the casing.

Homework Equations



The Attempt at a Solution



I said that the Earth wire provides a low impedance path to ground. As electricity flows via this low impedance path this then causes a large current draw which then causes the fuse wire to heat up and melt and breaks the circuit.

However my teacher said that I should have used the word resistance instead of impedance in my answer?

A.
 
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Technically, yes, what we're talking about is resistance. I'd accept impedance, though the official term is resistance. Though, answering your title, no, technically it's incorrect.
 
Even more technically speaking, in the real world there's no such thing as a pure resistance -- even a perfectly straight piece of wire 1 cm long has *some* inductance. Capacitance, too!

The question is, how small does the reactive component have to be relative to the real component before you get to insist that it's "a resistance" and not an "impedance"? :smile:
 
Last edited:
gneill said:
Even more technically speaking, in the real world there's no such thing as a pure resistance -- even a perfectly straight piece of wire 1 cm long has *some* inductance. Capacitance, too!

The question is, how small does the reactive component have to be relative to the real component before you get to insist that it's "a resistance" and not an "impedance"? :smile"

So in an ideal circuit it would be a resistance but in real life it would be impedance as there is inductance/capacitance going on as well?
 
rollcast said:
So in an ideal circuit it would be a resistance but in real life it would be impedance as there is inductance/capacitance going on as well?
Yup. This is what makes circuit design at high frequencies "interesting". A design that works fine in simulation may be a bear to get working in practice as stray capacitance and inductance alter operating parameters.
 
Impedance is just as correct here as resistance. It's the way a professional EE would have said it.

Just because you know the dominant component is resistance that doesn't mean you can't say impedance.

All resistance is an impedance (zero imaginary part) but not all impedance is resistance.
 
rollcast said:
I said that the Earth wire provides a low impedance path to ground. As electricity flows via this low impedance path this then causes a large current draw which then causes the fuse wire to heat up and melt and breaks the circuit.

However my teacher said that I should have used the word resistance instead of impedance in my answer?
The use of "impedance" is slightly more technically correct than "resistance", but they should be considered equally correct. It is not sufficient that the path just have low resistance, it must also be of low impedance in order that the fuse can melt.
 

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