Kinetic energy for a mole of a gas discrepancy

Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the discrepancy between two sources regarding the expression for kinetic energy in gases, specifically whether the average kinetic energy for a mole of gas is represented as K.E.avg = 3/2 RT or if the total kinetic energy for a mole is equal to 3/2 RT. The scope includes conceptual clarification and technical reasoning related to thermodynamics and kinetic theory.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • One participant notes that Exam Krackers states the average kinetic energy for a mole of gas is K.E.avg = 3/2 RT, while their chemistry book claims the total kinetic energy for a mole of gas is also 3/2 RT, leading to confusion about the definitions.
  • Another participant questions the units of the expression 3/2 RT, seeking clarity on its dimensional analysis.
  • A participant provides the value of R and calculates the units for 3/2 RT as J/mol, suggesting that the average kinetic energy for one molecule can be expressed in terms of mean square speed, leading to a conclusion that supports their chemistry book's claim.
  • Another participant confirms that (3/2)RT represents the total energy per mole of a monatomic ideal gas and introduces the average kinetic energy of a molecule as (3/2)kBT, noting the relationship between the Boltzmann constant and R.
  • There is uncertainty expressed regarding why the Exam Krackers book states that the average kinetic energy for a mole of gas is 3/2 RT, indicating a potential conflict in the sources.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on which source is correct regarding the definitions of average and total kinetic energy for a mole of gas. Multiple competing views remain, particularly concerning the interpretation of the expressions and their implications.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights potential limitations in the definitions used in different sources, as well as the dependence on the context of the terms "average" and "total" kinetic energy. There is also an unresolved aspect regarding the interpretation of the units and their implications for the claims made by each source.

gkangelexa
Messages
81
Reaction score
1
Exam krackers says that the average kinetic energy for a mole of a gas is K.E.avg = 3/2 RT

but my chemistry book says that the total kinetic energy for a mole of gas is = 3/2 RT
meaning that
NA (average K.E. of one molecule) = 3/2 RT


These 2 statements are different, for the bottom one says that the total K.E. for a mole of gas is = 3/2 RT, yet the top one says that the average K.E. for a mole is =3/2RT

Which is correct?
 
Chemistry news on Phys.org
What units does the expression 3/2 RT have?
 
R = 8.314 J/(K x mol)

so 3/2 RT units are J/ mol


Average kinetic energy for one molecule is: 1/2 m (mean square speed)...
so the units for that are: (kg m2) / (s2 molecule)

so this means my chemistry book is correct because

(average kinetic energy for one molecule) (NA) works because the units work:

since NA = molecules/ mol... the multiplication equals 1 J/mol...


right??

So then why does my Exam Krackers book say that the average kinetic energy for a mole of gas = 3/2 RT...?
 
You are correct that (3/2)RT gives the total energy per mole of a monatomic ideal gas. The average kinetic energy of a molecule of that gas is given by a very similar formula, (3/2)kBT, where kB is the Boltzmann constant. As you can probably guess, kB = R/NA.

I'm not sure why your other book says that (3/2)RT is the average kinetic energy for a mole of gas.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
2K
Replies
8
Views
6K
Replies
5
Views
967
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 55 ·
2
Replies
55
Views
6K
  • · Replies 15 ·
Replies
15
Views
2K
Replies
9
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
5K