Mastering Physics: Electron turning 90 degrees in capacitor

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the electric field strength required for an electron to turn 90 degrees within a parallel-plate capacitor. The initial kinetic energy of the electron is 2.0×10-17 J, and the problem involves determining the necessary electric field to achieve this trajectory. The correct electric field strength calculated is approximately 17655 N/C, achieved by analyzing the vertical and horizontal components of motion and applying the equations of motion and force. The final solution was confirmed using the Pythagorean theorem to find the total magnitude of the electric field.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of basic physics concepts such as electric fields and forces.
  • Familiarity with kinematic equations, specifically Vf2 = Vi2 + 2ad.
  • Knowledge of the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration (F = ma).
  • Ability to apply the Pythagorean theorem in vector analysis.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of electric fields in parallel-plate capacitors.
  • Learn about the derivation and application of kinematic equations in two-dimensional motion.
  • Explore the concept of vector components in physics, particularly in projectile motion.
  • Investigate the relationship between kinetic energy and electric potential energy in charged particles.
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Physics students, educators, and anyone interested in mastering concepts related to electric fields and particle motion in capacitors.

danielhep
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Homework Statement


A problem of practical interest is to make a beam of electrons turn a 90∘ corner. This can be done with the parallel-plate capacitor shown in the figure (Figure 1) . An electron with kinetic energy 2.0×10−17 J enters through a small hole in the bottom plate of the capacitor.
What strength electric field is needed if the electron is to emerge from an exit hole 1.0 cm away from the entrance hole, traveling at right angles to its original direction?
upload_2017-3-11_15-4-48.png


Homework Equations


Vf2=Vi2+2ad
F=ma
F=Eq
K (kinetic energy) = 1/2mv2

The Attempt at a Solution


The electric field needs bring vertical velocity to zero and horizontal velocity to what the vertical velocity was. I should just be able to find what E-field is necessary to bring the vertical velocity to zero without having to worry about the horizontal velocity, I think.

Vi=(2K/m)1/2
d=.01*cos45
0=(2K/m)+2a*.01*cos45
-K/(m(.01*cos45))=a

Now finding acceleration in terms of E
qE=ma
qE/m=a

Combining them:
-K/(m(.01*cos45))=qE/m
-K/(q(.01*cos45))=E

Now, when I go through this I get 17655 N/C, which seems close (right order of magnitude), but according to Mastering it's not correct. Any help would be appreciated, thank you!
 
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danielhep said:
Vi=(2K/m)1/2
d=.01*cos45
0=(2K/m)+.01*cos45
Did you leave out the acceleration in the second equation above?
[EDIT: Should there also be a factor of 2 in the second term?]
-K/(m(.01*cos45))=a
What happened to the factor of 2? [EDIT: I think this is ok. See edited comment above]
Is the acceleration "a" the magnitude of the total acceleration, or does it represent just a component of the acceleration?
 
TSny said:
Did you leave out the acceleration in the second equation above?
[EDIT: Should there also be a factor of 2 in the second term?

What happened to the factor of 2? [EDIT: I think this is ok. See edited comment above]
Is the acceleration "a" the magnitude of the total acceleration, or does it represent just a component of the acceleration?
Fixed the original post, thanks.

a represents the y component of the acceleration... Which means I'm just finding the y component of the electric field...

I just took my answer and used the pythagorean theorem to find the total magnitude and it was correct! Thank you! That was a perfect hint.
 
Good work!
 

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