MHB MCK's questions at Yahoo Answers regarding an inexact ODE

  • Thread starter Thread starter MarkFL
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Ode
MarkFL
Gold Member
MHB
Messages
13,284
Reaction score
12
Here is the question:

Find the general solution of the following differential equation...?

y+3y^7=(y^5+6x)y′.

Write your solution in the form F(x,y)=C, where C is an arbitrary constant.

Thank you.

I have posted a link there to this topic so the OP can see my work.
 
Mathematics news on Phys.org
Hello MCK,

I would first write the ODE in differential form:

$$\left(y+3y^7 \right)dx+\left(-y^5-6x \right)dy=0$$

Next, let us compute:

$$\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\left(y+3y^7 \right)=1+21y^6$$

$$\frac{\partial}{\partial x}\left(-y^5-6x \right)=-6$$

Hence, we find the equation is inexact. So we look for an integrating factor. To do this, we consider:

$$\frac{(-6)-\left(1+21y^6 \right)}{y+3y^7}=-\frac{21y^6+7}{3y^7+y}$$

Since this is a function of just $y$, we find our special integrating factor with:

$$\mu(y)=\exp\left(\int -\frac{21y^6+7}{3y^7+y}\,dy \right)$$

To compute the integrating factor, we need to compute:

$$\int \frac{21y^6+7}{3y^7+y}\,dy$$

Let's write the integrand as:

$$\frac{21y^6+7}{3y^7+y}=\frac{21y^6+1}{3y^7+y}+ \frac{6}{3y^7+y}$$

The first term is easily integrated, and for the second term, let's use partial fraction decomposition to write:

$$\frac{6}{3y^7+y}=\frac{6}{y}-\frac{18y^5}{3y^6+1}$$

And so, putting all of this together, we find:

$$\mu(y)=e^{-\left(\ln\left|3y^7+y \right|+6\ln|y|-\ln\left|3y^6+1 \right| \right)}$$

Hence:

$$\mu(y)=\frac{3y^6+1}{y^6\left(3y^7+y \right)}=\frac{1}{y^7}$$

Multiplying the ODE by this factor, we obtain:

$$\left(y^{-6}+3 \right)dx+\left(-y^{-2}-6xy^{-7} \right)dy=0$$

Now, it is easy to see that we have an exact ODE. Hence:

$$\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}=y^{-6}+3$$

Integrating with respect to $x$, we find:

$$F(x,y)=xy^{-6}+3x+g(y)$$

Now, to determine $g(y)$, we differentiate with respect to $y$, recalling $$\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}=-y^{-2}-6xy^{-7}$$:

$$-y^{-2}-6xy^{-7}=-6xy^{-7}+g'(y)$$

Thus, we find:

$$g'(y)=-y^{-2}$$

Hence, by integrating, we obtain:

$$g(y)=y^{-1}$$

And so we have:

$$F(x,y)=xy^{-6}+3x+y^{-1}$$

And so the solution to the ODE is given implicitly by:

$$xy^{-6}+3x+y^{-1}=C$$

edit: Hello MCK, I saw your message at Yahoo asking me to take a look at another of your questions posted there, however, Yahoo will not let me access the link, nor will it let me post a comment there. As an alternative, you could post the question here in our differential equations forum.
 
Insights auto threads is broken atm, so I'm manually creating these for new Insight articles. In Dirac’s Principles of Quantum Mechanics published in 1930 he introduced a “convenient notation” he referred to as a “delta function” which he treated as a continuum analog to the discrete Kronecker delta. The Kronecker delta is simply the indexed components of the identity operator in matrix algebra Source: https://www.physicsforums.com/insights/what-exactly-is-diracs-delta-function/ by...
Fermat's Last Theorem has long been one of the most famous mathematical problems, and is now one of the most famous theorems. It simply states that the equation $$ a^n+b^n=c^n $$ has no solutions with positive integers if ##n>2.## It was named after Pierre de Fermat (1607-1665). The problem itself stems from the book Arithmetica by Diophantus of Alexandria. It gained popularity because Fermat noted in his copy "Cubum autem in duos cubos, aut quadratoquadratum in duos quadratoquadratos, et...
Thread 'Imaginary pythagorus'
I posted this in the Lame Math thread, but it's got me thinking. Is there any validity to this? Or is it really just a mathematical trick? Naively, I see that i2 + plus 12 does equal zero2. But does this have a meaning? I know one can treat the imaginary number line as just another axis like the reals, but does that mean this does represent a triangle in the complex plane with a hypotenuse of length zero? Ibix offered a rendering of the diagram using what I assume is matrix* notation...
Back
Top