Mechanical vibration -> proving a larger motor will vibrate more

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the relationship between motor size and vibration amplitude, specifically proving that a larger motor results in greater vibration. Key equations utilized include the vibration amplitude formula |X| and the stiffness calculation k = 384EI/L^3. The user grapples with determining accurate values for the damping ratio ζ and the natural frequency ω_n, suspecting that an overestimated stiffness value leads to an underestimation of ζ and r. The user also notes that reducing motor size decreases vibration amplitude, indicating a misunderstanding in the application of the formulas.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of mechanical vibrations and their equations
  • Familiarity with polar moment of inertia calculations
  • Knowledge of stiffness in beams and related formulas
  • Basic principles of dynamic systems and natural frequency
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the derivation and application of the vibration amplitude formula |X| in mechanical systems
  • Study the principles of stiffness calculation in beams, particularly for rotating machinery
  • Learn about the significance of the damping ratio ζ in vibration analysis
  • Explore the effects of eccentric loads on vibration characteristics in motors
USEFUL FOR

Mechanical engineers, vibration analysts, and students studying dynamics of rotating machinery will benefit from this discussion, particularly those interested in the effects of motor size on vibration behavior.

rock.freak667
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Homework Statement


I have a task of essentially proving that bigger motor = bigger vibration. I have certain data such as the running speed of the motor (), moment of inertia of the rotor, weight of the motor and shaft and the diameter of the shaft.

Homework Equations



|X| = \frac{me}{M} \frac{r^2}{\sqrt{(1-r^2)^2+(2 \zeta r)^2}}

k = \frac{384EI}{L^3}

I = \frac{\pi d^4}{64}

\zeta = \frac{c}{\sqrt{mk}}

r = \frac{\omega}{\omega _n}

The Attempt at a Solution




The motor is vertically mounted so I am not sure if this will affect my theoretical calculations below:
Mass of rotor = m
Mass of motor = M
Polar moment of inertia of rotor = J
Running speed = ω
Natural frequency = ωn
Stiffness of shaft = k
Modulus of elasticity of shaft = E
Eccentricity of shaft = e (I will put this as some small number as the shaft may not be perfectly round but round enough to run properly)

Since the motor will essentially be running with an eccentric load (albeit quite small) the magnitude of the vibration should be given by

|X| = \frac{me}{M} \frac{r^2}{\sqrt{(1-r^2)^2+(2 \zeta r)^2}}
Where r = w/wn
So the main issue is to get the values of r and z. So here is where I think I’ve gone wrong.
I know that ζ = c/√(mk) and I’ve assumed c = 2000 kg/s (I have no idea how much this value is to be on average).

To find the stiffness I considered the rotor to be like a simply supported beam (supported by the two bearings) with a uniform load w (or WL)
The displacement would be given by
y = \frac{5WL^3}{384EI}
k = \frac{W}{y} = \frac{384EI}{L^3}
I = 2J, with E assumed to be 200 GPa
Also confused here as I know the diameter of the shaft so I can use I = πd4/64 which is not the same value as in the data sheet of the motor.
From the formula above, I get k (which is a very large number from my numbers – in the order of 10^8 N/m if I remember correctly) and use
ω_n = \sqrt{\frac{k/m}}

so I can get 'r' and 'ζ'.

The problem comes in that I think my values for k is too large which causes my value for ζ to be too small and subsequently r is also too small.

The second problem I come into contact with is the fact that changing the values to reflect a smaller motor ( so smaller m and M) shows me that my vibration amplitude decreases! Can anyone give me some sort of guidance as to where I am going wrong or have I made this case too simple for complex vibrations?
 

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