The discussion centers on the comparison between professional engineering work and theoretical research regarding their fundamental roles and difficulties in solving real-life problems. Professional engineering is highlighted for its direct application to real-world issues, requiring a blend of scientific principles, technical knowledge, and problem-solving skills, all while navigating constraints like cost and safety. In contrast, theoretical research is recognized for its critical role in driving discoveries and advancing understanding, though it often involves greater challenges such as securing funding and navigating academic politics. Both fields are deemed equally fundamental and difficult, with engineering focusing on practical applications and theoretical research providing the groundwork for future innovations. Ultimately, both are essential for addressing complex societal challenges and fostering progress.