Numbers with sum = product

In summary, the only positive integer solution for a + b + c = a * b * c, where a, b, and c are positive integers, is {1, 2, 3}. This is proven by assuming a ≥ b ≥ c and analyzing the possible values for b and c. The only solution is when c = 1 and b = 2, resulting in a + 3 = 2a, which is only satisfied by a = 3. All other combinations (such as b = 1 and c = 1) do not result in a valid solution.
  • #1
jobyts
227
64
a + b + c = a * b * c

where a, b, c are positive integers.

I can think of only one solution to this. {1, 2, 3}.

Is there any other solution to it?
Can you prove or disprove?
 
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  • #2
Without loss of generality assume [itex] a\geq b \geq c[/itex]. If [itex] b\geq c\geq 2[/itex] then
[itex] a*b*c \geq 4a [/itex]
Which is necessarily larger than [itex] a+b+c \leq 3a[/itex].

So c=1 necessarily. Then we have
[itex] a+b+1 = a*b[/itex]
Now assume that b>2. The right hand side is at least 3a, and the left hand side is smaller than 2a+1, and we know that a is larger than 1 so these two cannot be equal. Therefore b=1 or b=2

If b=1 and c=1 there is obviously no solution (we get a+2 = a). If c=1 and b=2 we get a+3 = 2a which is solved by a=3. So {1,2,3} is the only positive integer solution.
 
  • #3
Thank you.
 

Related to Numbers with sum = product

1. What is the definition of "Numbers with sum = product"?

"Numbers with sum = product" refers to a set of numbers where the sum of the numbers is equal to the product of the numbers. For example, the numbers 2 and 3 have a sum of 5 and a product of 6, making them a pair of "numbers with sum = product".

2. Is there a specific term for "Numbers with sum = product"?

Yes, these types of numbers are often referred to as "amicable numbers". This term was first introduced by mathematician Pythagoras in the 6th century BC.

3. What is the significance of "Numbers with sum = product" in mathematics?

"Numbers with sum = product" have significance in various areas of mathematics, including number theory and algebra. They have been studied for centuries and have connections to various mathematical concepts and theories.

4. How many pairs of "Numbers with sum = product" are there?

The number of pairs of "numbers with sum = product" is infinite. Some well-known examples include (220, 284), (1184, 1210), and (17, 18).

5. Are there any practical applications of "Numbers with sum = product"?

While "numbers with sum = product" have primarily been studied for their mathematical significance, they do have practical applications. For example, they have been used in coding theory to create error-correcting codes and in cryptography to generate secure keys.

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